Identification of multiple equine infectious anemia antigens by immunodiffusion reactions.
Abstract: Equine infectious anemia (EIA) cell antigens prepared from infected equine spleen, equine leukocyte cultures or a persistently infected equine dermis cell line contained at least two serologically reacting components. For convenience one component was designated as soluble antigen (SA) and the other as cell-associated antigen (CAA). The SA appeared as a single component when it was prepared from EIA virus precipitated from infectious tissue culture fluid with polyethylene glycol and ether treated but it was mixed with CAA when the source was infected cells. Cytolytic or mechanical disruption of infected cells appeared to accelerate the release of CAA. Reaction to each component could be identified in double and radial immunodiffusion tests by increasing the concentrations of SA in a two-component antigenic mixture. The CAA component does not appear to affect the value of the immunodiffusion test as a diagnostic aid.
Publication Date: 1975-10-01 PubMed ID: 169969PubMed Central: PMC1277488
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study tries to identify multiple antigens, named soluble antigen (SA) and cell-associated antigen (CAA), involved in equine infectious anemia (EIA), a horse disease. There seems to be no significant effect of the CAA component on the diagnostic value of the immunodiffusion test for this particular disease.
Identification of EIA Antigens
- Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a disease that affects horses and is caused by a virus.
- The research focuses on identifying antigens (proteins) that are involved in triggering an immune response in the horse’s body. These antigens can be used to develop tests and potentially vaccines to control and prevent the disease.
- The study identified at least two potentially significant antigens from EIA infected cells, named as soluble antigen (SA) and cell-associated antigen (CAA).
Characteristics of SA and CAA
- SA was isolated from an EIA virus in a laboratory procedure where the virus was precipitated from infectious tissue culture fluid with polyethylene glycol and ether.
- In this form, SA appeared as a single component. However, when obtained from infected cells, it was found in combination with CAA.
- CAA could be released faster from infected cells when these cells were mechanically disrupted or destroyed (‘cytolysis’).
Immunodiffusion Tests
- Both SA and CAA components could be identified in laboratory tests called immunodiffusion tests.
- By increasing the concentrations of SA in a two-component antigenic mixture, the responses to these two antigens became distinguishable.
- This suggests that SA may play a more significant role in triggering the immune response and can be used as a primary target in developing diagnostic tests.
Significance for Diagnostic Testing
- The CAA component, considering its presence, does not seem to influence the diagnostic relevance of immunodiffusion tests.
- This may suggest that this component has less prominent activity in the horse’s immune response to EIA virus, although further research would be needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Cite This Article
APA
Malmquist WA, Becvar CS.
(1975).
Identification of multiple equine infectious anemia antigens by immunodiffusion reactions.
Can J Comp Med, 39(4), 411-415.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral / analysis
- Cells, Cultured
- Horses
- Immunodiffusion / methods
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
- Leukocytes / immunology
- Skin / immunology
- Spleen / immunology
References
This article includes 6 references
- Nakajima H, Ushimi C, Fukunaga Y, Hirasawa K. Preparation of equine infectious anemia virus antigen for immunodiffusion test.. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973;42(4):339-45.
- Nakajima H, Ushimi C. Detection of precipitating antibody in equine infectious anemia by concentrated virus antigen.. Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo) 1972 Summer;12(2):47-53.
- Coggins L, Norcross NL. Immunodiffusion reaction in equine infectious anemia.. Cornell Vet 1970 Apr;60(2):330-5.
- Malmquist WA, Barnett D, Becvar CS. Production of equine infectious anemia antigen in a persistently infected cell line.. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973;42(4):361-70.
- Boulanger P, Bannister GL, Carrier SP. Equine infectious anemia: preparation of a liquid antigen extract for the agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests.. Can J Comp Med 1972 Apr;36(2):116-23.
- Kobayashi K, Kono Y. Propagation and titration of equine infectious anemia virus in horse leukocyte culture.. Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo) 1967 Spring;7(1):8-20.
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