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Home / Equine Research Bank / Anim Health Res Rev / Identification of virulence attributes of gastrointestinal E...
Animal health research reviews2002; 2(2); 129-140;

Identification of virulence attributes of gastrointestinal Escherichia coli isolates of veterinary significance.

Abstract: The pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli recovered from the intestinal tract of animals fall into categories called enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohemorrhagic and necrotoxigenic. The other two categories, enteroinvasive and enteroaggregative, have not been reported in animals. The pathogenicity of these strains is determined by the presence of certain genes that encode adhesins and toxins, are generally organized in large blocks in chromosomes, large plasmids or phages, and are often transmitted horizontally between strains. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the virulence attributes that determine the pathogenic potential of E. coli strains and the methods available to assess the virulence of the strains. We also discuss the clinical symptoms, the gross and histological lesions, and the molecular diagnostic methods our laboratories have implemented for detecting pathogenic strains of E. coli that are isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of animals.
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Publication Date: 2002-02-08 PubMed ID: 11831435
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  • Journal Article
  • Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study deals with the categorization and identification of harmful E. coli strains found in animal intestines, and provides insights into their genetic components, detection methods, and symptoms they cause.

Strains of E. Coli

  • The research discusses different types of E. coli strains found in mammals’ digestive tracts, notably enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohemorrhagic, and necrotoxigenic E. coli.
  • Two categories, enteroinvasive and enteroaggregative strains, were not detected in animals according to the study.
  • The virulence or harmfulness of these strains is primarily determined by specific genes that encode adhesins (proteins which help the bacteria to stick to host cells) and toxins.

Genetic Organization and Transmission

  • The genes responsible for the harmful characteristics of E. coli are typically arranged in large blocks within chromosomes, big plasmids (small, independent genetic structures), or bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).
  • Another key point is that these genes can be shared horizontally across different strains, which promotes the spread of virulence traits between bacteria.

Assessing Virulence

  • The article reviews current knowledge on how to determine the potential harm of E. coli strains, as well as the techniques available to measure their virulence.
  • The pathogenic potential of E. coli strains is mainly decided by the presence of specific genes.

Clinical Symptoms and Diagnostics

  • E. coli infections in animals can cause a range of symptoms, which often include gross and histological lesions.
  • The article also addresses molecular diagnostic methods used by laboratories, which can detect harmful E. coli traces in animals’ digestive systems.

Cite This Article

APA
DebRoy C, Maddox CW. (2002). Identification of virulence attributes of gastrointestinal Escherichia coli isolates of veterinary significance. Anim Health Res Rev, 2(2), 129-140.

Publication

Animal health research reviews
ISSN: 1466-2523
NlmUniqueID: 101083072
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Pages: 129-140

Researcher Affiliations

DebRoy, C
  • Gastroenteric Disease Center, Department of Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA. rcd3@psu.edu
Maddox, C W

    MeSH Terms

    • Adhesins, Escherichia coli / genetics
    • Animals
    • Bacterial Toxins / genetics
    • Bacterial Typing Techniques
    • Cats
    • Cattle
    • Dogs
    • Escherichia coli / genetics
    • Escherichia coli / pathogenicity
    • Escherichia coli Infections / microbiology
    • Escherichia coli Infections / pathology
    • Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
    • Gastrointestinal Diseases / microbiology
    • Gastrointestinal Diseases / pathology
    • Gastrointestinal Diseases / veterinary
    • Genes, Bacterial
    • Horses
    • Phenotype
    • Poultry
    • Rabbits
    • Swine
    • Virulence

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    This article has been cited 44 times.
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