Ileal impaction in 245 horses: 1995-2007.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
The research study investigated parameters that could help predict the success of medical or surgical management for horses with ileal impaction. The study found that horses with minimal gastric reflux responding to analgesic therapy could be managed effectively with medical treatment, whereas those with persistent abdominal pain and gastric reflux may be better candidates for surgery.
Research Purpose and Methodology
The aim of the research was to identify significant indicators that would aid in deciding the optimal treatment method for ileal impaction in horses. The ileum is part of the small intestine, and impaction refers to a blockage. When this occurs, it can cause severe abdominal pain, and it requires either medical or surgical management.
- The research focused on the medical records of 245 horses admitted for this condition between 1995 and 2007.
- The study divided the horses into two groups based on their treatment: medical (med) and surgical (sx).
- The aspects evaluated included persistence of abdominal pain, gastric reflux, frequency of analgesic administration, and survival at 1 year.
Findings
The study found that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of signalment (general information about the horse), abdominal pain, or heart rate.
- However, more horses in the surgical group showed abnormalities in the peritoneal fluid (51%) and experienced gastric reflux (62%) as compared to horses in the medical group (38% and 15%, respectively).
- A significant proportion (89%) of horses in the medical group required repeated analgesic administration to successfully resolve their condition.
- Survival rates at 1 year were similar in both groups, with 91% for the surgical group and 92% for the medical group.
Implications
The key implications of these findings are:
- Horses with ileal impaction who respond well to analgesic therapy and experience minimal gastric reflux can likely be successfully managed through medical treatment.
- Horses showing persistent abdominal pain and gastric reflux may be better suited for surgical intervention.
This study helps to identify markers for making treatment decisions, thereby improving veterinary care, reducing unnecessary surgeries, and enhancing the welfare of horses with ileal impaction.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Oklahoma Equine Hospital, 2652 Reece Lake Road, Washington, Oklahoma 73093, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Analgesics / administration & dosage
- Animals
- Female
- Gastroesophageal Reflux / epidemiology
- Gastroesophageal Reflux / etiology
- Gastroesophageal Reflux / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Ileal Diseases / surgery
- Ileal Diseases / therapy
- Ileal Diseases / veterinary
- Intestinal Obstruction / surgery
- Intestinal Obstruction / therapy
- Intestinal Obstruction / veterinary
- Male
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
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Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Ruff J, Zetterstrom S, Boone L, Hofmeister E, Smith C, Epstein K, Blikslager A, Fogle C, Burke M. Retrospective analysis of postoperative complications following surgical treatment of ileal impaction in horses managed with manual decompression compared to jejunal enterotomy. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1156678.
- Giusto G, Cerullo A, Labate F, Gandini M. Incomplete Ileocecal Bypass for Ileal Pathology in Horses: 21 Cases (2012-2019). Animals (Basel) 2021 Feb 5;11(2).
- Gitari A, Nguhiu J, Varma V, Mogoa E. Occurrence, treatment protocols, and outcomes of colic in horses within Nairobi County, Kenya. Vet World 2017 Oct;10(10):1255-1263.
- Willette J, Guinn A, Munsterman A. Primary Jejunal Impactions Resolved via Exploratory Celiotomy in Six Horses: 2017-2023. Animals (Basel) 2025 Aug 12;15(16).