Immuno-chemical studies on blood groups; the preparation of blood group A and B substances and an inactive substance from individual horse stomachs and of blood group B substance from human saliva.
Abstract: Blood group substances have been isolated from the saliva of human beings of blood group B and from the linings of individual horse stomachs. The properties of the human B substances are similar to those of hog and human blood group substances previously isolated. The horse substances showed lower hexosamine and reducing sugar and higher total and non-hexosamine nitrogen than do the materials from the other species. Materials isolated from individual horse stomachs possess either A or B activity or both. Certain stomachs yielded products of identical analytical composition but with neither blood group A, B, or O activity as measured by their ability to inhibit isoagglutination. Fucose has been identified as a constituent of the horse blood group substances.
Publication Date: 1950-01-01 PubMed ID: 15395576PubMed Central: PMC2135944DOI: 10.1084/jem.91.1.105Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper discusses a study where blood group substances A, B, and an inactive substance are successfully isolated from individual horse stomachs and blood group B substance is isolated from human saliva.
Isolation of Blood Group Substances
- This study isolates blood group substances A and B, and an inactive substance from individual horse stomachs.
- The researchers also isolate blood group B substance from human saliva.
- All these isolated substances help investigate the properties and composition of blood group substances, contributing to current knowledge about these compounds.
Properties of Isolated Substances
- Properties of the human B substance isolated from saliva are found to be similar to the properties of blood group substances from human and hog that were isolated in previous studies.
- The horse substances, however, exhibit distinctive properties with lower hexosamine and reducing sugar but higher total and non-hexosamine nitrogen than the substances isolated from human and hog.
Blood Group Activity in Horse Stomachs
- The study finds that the materials isolated from individual horse stomachs can either have blood group A or B activity, or even both.
- There are also instances where products obtained from certain horse stomachs had identical analytical composition, but lacked any blood group A, B, or O activity.
- The activity of these substances is determined by their ability to inhibit isoagglutination, a reaction in which clumping of cells (like red blood cells) occurs due to the presence of certain antibodies.
Identification of Fucose in Horse Blood Group Substances
- The research also identifies fucose, a type of hexose sugar, as a constituent of the horse blood group substances.
- Fucose is widely distributed in nature and has known roles in immune response, inflammation and cancer biology. Its identification in horse blood group substances could provide potential insights into these areas of biology.
Cite This Article
APA
BAER H, KABAT EA, KNAUB V.
(1950).
Immuno-chemical studies on blood groups; the preparation of blood group A and B substances and an inactive substance from individual horse stomachs and of blood group B substance from human saliva.
J Exp Med, 91(1), 105-114.
https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.91.1.105 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood
- Blood Group Antigens
- Horses
- Humans
- Saliva
- Stomach
References
This article includes 10 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Cross BW, Ruhl S. Glycan recognition at the saliva - oral microbiome interface. Cell Immunol 2018 Nov;333:19-33.
- Kabat EA, Baer H, Day RL, Knaub V. IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON BLOOD GROUPS : XI. SPECIES DIFFERENCES AMONG BLOOD GROUP A SUBSTANCES. J Exp Med 1950 Mar 31;91(4):433-45.
- KORINTH E. [Immunological studies in blood diseases]. Blut 1963 Feb;9:20-41.
- GILMORE TE, HOWE C. An aerobic soil microorganism which decomposes blood group substances. I. Metabolic and immunochemical studies. J Bacteriol 1959 Dec;78(6):805-13.
- FINGER I, KABAT EA. A comparison of human antisera to purified diphtheria toxoid with antisera to other purified antigens by quantitative precipitin and gel diffusion techniques. J Exp Med 1958 Oct 1;108(4):453-74.
- HOWE C, MACLENNAN JD, MANDL I, KABAT EA. Enzymes of Clostridium tertium: effects on blood group and virus receptor substances. J Bacteriol 1957 Sep;74(3):365-76.
- GIBBONS RA, MORGAN WT. Studies in immunochemistry. 14. The isolation and properties of substances of human origin possessing blood-group B specificity. Biochem J 1954 Jun;57(2):283-95.
- Feizi T, Kabat EA, Vicari G, Anderson B, Marsh WL. Immunochemical studies on blood groups. XLVII. The I antigen complex--precursors in the A, B, H, Lea, and leb blood group system--hemagglutination-inhibition studies. J Exp Med 1971 Jan 1;133(1):39-52.
- Rapaport FT, Dausset J, Legrand L, Barge A, Lawrence HS, Converse JM. Erythrocytes in human transplantation: effects of pretreatment with ABO group-specific antigens. J Clin Invest 1968 Oct;47(10):2206-16.
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