Immunogenicity of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) following inactivation by betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) light.
Abstract: Some kinetic data on the inactivation of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) by betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation are reported. 0.25% BPL at 37 degrees C for 1 h reduced the titre of EHV1 by greater than 10(3 . 4) and of ERhV1 by greater than 10(4 . 1) TCID50/ml. UV irradiation (334 microW/cm2) produced similar reductions in titre after 2 min. These data were used as a basis for inactivating EHV1 and ERhV1 by the combined action of BPL and UV irradiation. Viruses were exposed to 0.1% BPL for 1 h at 4 degrees C with constant stirring, followed by UV irradiation for 2 min, followed by incubation for 3 h at 37 degrees C. Inactivated EHV1 elicited secondary immune responses only in horses whereas ERhV1 produced primary immune responses in mice (including athymic nu/nu mice), rabbits and probably in horses.
Publication Date: 1982-12-01 PubMed ID: 6301141DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(82)90047-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research explores the inactivation and subsequent immune response of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) through treatment with betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) light.
Methodology and Results
- The study begins by providing kinetic data on the inactivation of EHV1 and ERhV1 by BPL and UV irradiation.
- The researchers found that exposing the viruses to 0.25% BPL at 37 degrees Celsius for 1 hour reduced the titre of EHV1 by more than 10(3 . 4) and ERhV1 by more than 10(4 . 1) TCID50/ml, which means that the quantity of viruses was significantly reduced.
- UV irradiation (334 microW/cm2) was found to produce similar reductions in viral titre after only 2 minutes.
Inactivation Procedure
- These results were then used to investigate a combined inactivation method for these two equine viruses.
- The viruses were exposed to 0.1% BPL for 1 hour at 4 degrees Celsius with constant stirring.
- Following BPL exposure, the viruses were subjected to UV irradiation for 2 minutes.
- After UV irradiation, they were incubated for 3 hours at 37 degrees Celsius.
Immunogenic Response
- The researchers then studied the immune response elicited by the inactivated EHV1 and ERhV1 in different species.
- It was found that the inactivated EHV1 only elicited secondary immune responses in horses.
- In contrast, the ERhV1 virus elicited primary immune responses not only in horses but also in mice (including athymic nu/nu mice) and rabbits.
- This suggests a differential immune response to the inactivation among different species and between the two viruses.
This research can be vital in understanding the immunogenic reactions in various species towards the equine viruses when inactivated using BPL and UV irradiation; it could provide insights towards the development of effective vaccines against these equine viruses.
Cite This Article
APA
Campbell TM, Studdert MJ, Blackney MH.
(1982).
Immunogenicity of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) following inactivation by betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) light.
Vet Microbiol, 7(6), 535-544.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(82)90047-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
- Herpesviridae / immunology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / drug effects
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / radiation effects
- Horses / immunology
- Immunization / veterinary
- Mice
- Mice, Nude / immunology
- Picornaviridae / drug effects
- Picornaviridae / immunology
- Picornaviridae / radiation effects
- Propiolactone / pharmacology
- Rabbits / immunology
- Rhinovirus / immunology
- Ultraviolet Rays
- Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
- Viral Vaccines / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Chariou PL, Beiss V, Ma Y, Steinmetz NF. In situ vaccine application of inactivated CPMV nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. Mater Adv 2021 Mar 7;2(5):1644-1656.
- Uittenbogaard JP, Zomer B, Hoogerhout P, Metz B. Reactions of beta-propiolactone with nucleobase analogues, nucleosides, and peptides: implications for the inactivation of viruses. J Biol Chem 2011 Oct 21;286(42):36198-214.
- Bridges CG, Edington N. Genetic restriction of cytolysis during equid herpesvirus 1 subtype 2 infection. Clin Exp Immunol 1987 Nov;70(2):276-82.
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