Importance of sphingolipids and inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism as components of animal diets.
Abstract: Sphingolipids are highly bioactive compounds that participate in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, diverse cell functions, and apoptosis. They are present in both plant and animal foods in appreciable amounts, but little is known about their nutritional significance. Recent studies have shown that feeding sphingomyelin to female CF1 mice treated with a colon carcinogen (1,2-dimethylhydrazine) reduced the number of aberrant colonic crypt foci; longer-term feeding also affected the appearance of colonic adenocarcinomas. Therefore, dietary sphingolipids should be considered in studies of the relationships between diet and cancer. Sphingolipids have also surfaced as important factors in understanding the mechanism of action of a recently discovered family of mycotoxins, termed fumonisins. Fumonisins are produced by fungi commonly found on maize and a few related foods, and their consumption can result in equine leukoencephalomalacia, porcine pulmonary edema and a number of other diseases of veterinary animals and, perhaps, humans. A cellular target of fumonisins is the enzyme ceramide synthase, and disruption of sphingolipid metabolism by fumonisins has been established by studies with both cells in culture and animals that have consumed these toxic mycotoxins. These findings underscore the ways in which sphingolipids and agents that affect sphingolipid utilization should be given consideration in selecting animal diets for nutritional and toxicological studies.
Publication Date: 1997-05-01 PubMed ID: 9164247DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.5.830SGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research article investigates the role of sphingolipids, compounds found in both plant and animal cells, in various biological functions and their potential influence in certain diseases when included in the diet of animals. Particularly, the study highlights the impact of these compounds on cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, and explores their potential link to cancer and toxicological diseases linked to fumonisins.
Detailed Explanation
This research paper examines sphingolipids, bioactive compounds found in plant and animal foods, and the way they interact with cells and different diseases.
- Sphingolipids are known to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and diverse cell functions. Despite their abundance in plant and animal cells, very little is known about their nutritional significance.
- One study showed that feeding sphingomyelin, a type of sphingolipid, to CF1 mice that were treated with a colon carcinogen reduced the number of abnormal colonic crypt foci. Extended feeding also impacted the appearance of colonic adenocarcinomas, a type of cancer that starts in mucus-producing cells. This indicates a potential link between sphingolipids and cancer development.
- The research also discusses the importance of sphingolipids in understanding the action mechanism of fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins. These toxins are produced by fungi commonly found on maize and some linked foods, and consumption of such foods can lead to several diseases in animals and potentially, humans.
- Fumonisins target the enzyme ceramide synthase in cells and disrupt sphingolipid metabolism. This action has been confirmed in studies with cells in culture and animals that consumed these toxic mycotoxins.
- Given these findings, the research paper suggests that sphingolipids and agents affecting sphingolipid utilization should play a crucial role when selecting animal diets, particularly for nutritional and toxicological studies.
In essence, this paper emphasizes the importance of more research on sphingolipids and their role in the diet. It brings attention to their potential influence on disease development, such as certain types of cancer, and their connection to toxicological areas of research related to fumonisins.
Cite This Article
APA
Merrill AH, Schmelz EM, Wang E, Dillehay DL, Rice LG, Meredith F, Riley RT.
(1997).
Importance of sphingolipids and inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism as components of animal diets.
J Nutr, 127(5 Suppl), 830S-833S.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/127.5.830S Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322-3050, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Feed
- Animals
- Colonic Neoplasms / prevention & control
- Diet
- Mycotoxins / pharmacology
- Sphingolipids / administration & dosage
- Sphingolipids / antagonists & inhibitors
- Sphingolipids / physiology
Citations
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