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Home / Equine Research Bank / Int J Environ Res Public Health / Importance of wetlands management for West Nile Virus circul...
International journal of environmental research and public health2014; 11(8); 7740-7754; doi: 10.3390/ijerph110807740

Importance of wetlands management for West Nile Virus circulation risk, Camargue, Southern France.

Abstract: To assess environmental and horse-level risk factors associated with West Nile Virus (WNV) circulation in Camargue, Southern France, a serosurvey was conducted on non-vaccinated horses (n = 1159 from 134 stables) in 2007 and 2008. Fifteen Landsat images were examined to quantify areas with open water and flooded vegetation around sampled horses. Mean percentages of areas of open water and flooded vegetation, as well as variations in these percentages between 3 periods (November to February = NOT, March to July = END and August to October = EPI), were calculated for buffers of 2 km radius around the stables. Results of the final logistic regression showed that the risk of WNV seropositivity in horses decreased with their date of acquisition and age. Results also demonstrated the significant role of environmental variables. Horse serological status was associated with variations of open water areas between the NOT (November to February) and END (March to July) periods, as well as between END and EPI (August to October). WNV spillover was found more intense in areas where water level decreased strongly from winter to spring and from spring to summer.
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Publication Date: 2014-08-04 PubMed ID: 25093652PubMed Central: PMC4143830DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110807740Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study explores how the management of wetlands in Southern France’s Camargue region may affect the risk of West Nile Virus circulating among horses. Certain environmental factors around wetlands are considered, including open water and flooded vegetation areas, as well as the age and acquisition date of horses.

Study Overview

  • The researchers focused on identifying environmental and horse-related risk factors that could influence the circulation of West Nile Virus (WNV) in the Camargue region of Southern France.
  • They conducted a serosurvey, testing for the presence of the virus in a sample of 1,159 non-vaccinated horses from across 134 stables in 2007 and 2008.

Analysis of Environmental Factors

  • The researchers used 15 Landsat satellite images to measure and quantify the areas of open water and flooded vegetation around the stables where the horses were sampled.
  • The percentage of these areas was then calculated for buffer regions with a radius of 2 km around the stables.
  • They divided their observations into three periods: November to February (NOT), March to July (END), and August to October (EPI), assessing how the water levels in these areas changed over these periods.

Findings of the Study

  • The logistic regression outcomes showed that horses’ risk of contracting WNV decreased with their age and the interval of their acquisition date. This means younger and newly acquired horses were at a higher risk.
  • Significant environmental variables were also found. The changes in the area of open water from November to February (NOT) to March to July (END), and from March to July (END) to August to October (EPI), were found to be associated with the horses’ serological status. Hence, changes in water levels in the environment played a key role in the circulation of West Nile Virus.
  • Areas that experienced a significant drop in water levels from winter (NOT) to spring (END) and from spring (END) to summer (EPI) were found to have a higher intensity of WNV transmission.

Conclusion

  • This study suggests that managing water levels in the wetland areas of Southern France – by preventing significant decreases especially during the transition from winter to spring and from spring to summer – could possibly minimize the risks of West Nile Virus transmission among horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Pradier S, Sandoz A, Paul MC, Lefebvre G, Tran A, Maingault J, Lecollinet S, Leblond A. (2014). Importance of wetlands management for West Nile Virus circulation risk, Camargue, Southern France. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 11(8), 7740-7754. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110807740

Publication

International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
NlmUniqueID: 101238455
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 8
Pages: 7740-7754

Researcher Affiliations

Pradier, Sophie
  • INRA, UR346 Epidémiologie Animale, Saint Genès Champanelle F-63122, France. s.pradier@envt.fr.
Sandoz, Alain
  • Centre de Recherche pour la Conservation des Zones Humides Méditerranéennes, Fondation Tour du Valat, Arles F-13200, France. alain.sandoz@univ-amu.fr.
Paul, Mathilde C
  • INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INP-ENVT, Toulouse F-31076, France. m.paul@envt.fr.
Lefebvre, Gaëtan
  • Centre de Recherche pour la Conservation des Zones Humides Méditerranéennes, Fondation Tour du Valat, Arles F-13200, France. lefebvre@tourduvalat.org.
Tran, Annelise
  • CIRAD, UPR Animal et Gestion Intégrée des Risques (AGIRs), Montpellier F-34398, France. annelise.tran@cirad.fr.
Maingault, Josiane
  • ANSES, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Animal Health, UMR1161 Virologie, INRA, ANSES, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort F-94703, France. josiane.maingault@anses.fr.
Lecollinet, Sylvie
  • ANSES, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Animal Health, UMR1161 Virologie, INRA, ANSES, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort F-94703, France. slecollinet@vet-alfort.fr.
Leblond, Agnès
  • INRA, UR346 Epidémiologie Animale, Saint Genès Champanelle F-63122, France. agnes.leblond@vetagro-sup.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Age Factors
  • Animals
  • Conservation of Energy Resources
  • Female
  • France / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Seasons
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
  • West Nile Fever / prevention & control
  • West Nile Fever / veterinary
  • West Nile Fever / virology
  • West Nile virus / physiology
  • Wetlands

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Citations

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