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In vitro evidence for effects of magnesium supplementation on quinolone-treated horse and dog chondrocytes.
Abstract: Quinolones and magnesium deficiency cause similar lesions in joint cartilage of young animals. Chondrocytes cultivated in the presence of quinolones and in Mg-free medium show severe alterations in cytoskeleton and decreased ability to adhere to the culture dish. We investigated whether Mg2+ supplementation can prevent quinolone-mediated effects on chondrocytes in vitro. Chondrocytes cultivated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/HAM's F-12 medium were treated with ciprofloxacin (80 and 160 microg/ml) and enrofloxacin (100 and 150 microg/ml). Mg2+ was added at a concentration of 0.0612 mg/ml (MgCl) and 0.0488 mg/ml (MgSO4) or a triple dose. In addition, cells were cultivated in Mg-free medium and accordingly treated with Mg2+ supplementation. After 5 days in culture, the number of adherent cells per milliliter was determined. The number of chondrocytes in quinolone-treated groups decreased to 12-36% that of the control group within the culture period. With Mg2+ supplementation, the number of attached cells increased to 40-70% that of control cells. The threefold dose of Mg2+ led to better results than did the single dose. Cell proliferation tested by immunohistochemical staining with Ki67 (clone MIB5) decreased from 70% in control groups to 55%, 48%, and 30% in enrofloxacin-treated groups in a concentration dependent manner (50, 100, and 150 microg/ml). Addition of Mg2+ did not increase the rate of cell proliferation. These results suggest that a great part of quinolone-induced damage is due to magnesium complex formation, as Mg2+ supplementation is able to reduce the effects in vitro. However, quinolone effects on cell proliferation seem to be an independent process that is not influenced by magnesium supplementation.
Publication Date: 2001-03-31 PubMed ID: 11280370DOI: 10.1354/vp.38-2-143Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper investigates whether magnesium supplementation can help prevent damage caused by quinolones—a type of antibiotic—on chondrocytes, which are cells that form cartilage. The researchers found that magnesium can reduce the effects of quinolone-induced cell damage in vitro but does not influence cell proliferation.
Research Objective
- The main goal of this research is to investigate the potential benefits of magnesium supplementation on chondrocytes, specifically when they are subjected to quinolone treatment. The researchers wanted to see if including magnesium could mitigate the negative effects brought about by quinolones on cartilage cells.
Methods and Materials
- Chondrocytes in the experiment were cultivated in a nutrient-rich medium and treated with various concentrations of ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, two types of quinolones.
- Magnesium was added to the medium in either single or triple doses.
- The researchers also cultivated cells in magnesium-free medium and provided magnesium supplementation accordingly.
- The quantity of adherent cells was determined after five days of cultivation to monitor the impact of quinolones and the effects of magnesium supplementation.
Findings
- The researchers observed a substantial drop in the number of chondrocytes in groups treated with quinolones. The number only amounted to 12-36% of the control group within the cultivation period.
- With the inclusion of magnesium, the number of attached cells increased to 40-70% of the control group, with higher quantity at thrice the dosage of magnesium.
- However, the rate of cell proliferation, as tested by immunohistochemical staining with Ki67, didn’t significantly increase with the addition of magnesium.
Conclusion
- The research suggests that a significant part of quinolone’s damage to cartilage cells is due to the formation of a magnesium complex. The latter can be reduced through magnesium supplementation in vitro.
- However, any impacts that quinolones have on cell proliferation seem to be independent processes and aren’t significantly influenced by magnesium supplementation.
Cite This Article
APA
Egerbacher M, Wolfesberger B, Gabler C.
(2001).
In vitro evidence for effects of magnesium supplementation on quinolone-treated horse and dog chondrocytes.
Vet Pathol, 38(2), 143-148.
https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.38-2-143 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents / adverse effects
- Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
- Cartilage, Articular / cytology
- Cell Adhesion / drug effects
- Cell Division / drug effects
- Cell Size / drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chondrocytes / drug effects
- Chondrocytes / pathology
- Ciprofloxacin / adverse effects
- Ciprofloxacin / pharmacology
- Dietary Supplements
- Dogs
- Enrofloxacin
- Female
- Fluoroquinolones
- Horses
- Immunohistochemistry
- Ki-67 Antigen / chemistry
- Magnesium / pharmacology
- Quinolones / adverse effects
- Quinolones / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Chen R, Zhou X, Yin S, Lu Z, Nie J, Zhou W, Liu X. [Study on the protective mechanism of autophagy on cartilage by magnesium sulfate]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Oct 15;32(10):1340-1345.
- Michalak K, Sobolewska-Włodarczyk A, Włodarczyk M, Sobolewska J, Woźniak P, Sobolewski B. Treatment of the Fluoroquinolone-Associated Disability: The Pathobiochemical Implications. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017;2017:8023935.
- Zeng C, Li YS, Wei J, Xie DX, Xie X, Li LJ, Gao SG, Luo W, Xiong YL, Xiao WF, Lei GH. Analgesic effect and safety of single-dose intra-articular magnesium after arthroscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016 Nov 30;6:38024.
- Zeng C, Li H, Wei J, Yang T, Deng ZH, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang TB, Lei GH. Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2015;10(5):e0127666.
- Jacobs JC Jr, Shea KG, Oxford JT, Carey JL. Fluoroquinolone use in a child associated with development of osteochondritis dissecans. BMJ Case Rep 2014 Sep 16;2014.
- Adefurin A, Sammons H, Jacqz-Aigrain E, Choonara I. Ciprofloxacin safety in paediatrics: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child 2011 Sep;96(9):874-80.
- Baker JF, Walsh PM, Byrne DP, Mulhall KJ. In vitro assessment of human chondrocyte viability after treatment with local anaesthetic, magnesium sulphate or normal saline. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2011 Jun;19(6):1043-6.
- Farouk S, Aly A. A comparison of intra-articular magnesium and/or morphine with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. J Anesth 2009;23(4):508-12.
- Pfister K, Mazur D, Vormann J, Stahlmann R. Diminished ciprofloxacin-induced chondrotoxicity by supplementation with magnesium and vitamin E in immature rats. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007 Mar;51(3):1022-7.
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