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In vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of silver sulfadiazine and natamycin on pathogenic fungi isolated from horses with keratomycosis.
Abstract: To evaluate the in vitro antifungal properties of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and natamycin against filamentous fungi isolated from eyes of horses with keratomycosis. Methods: Filamentous fungal isolates obtained from eyes of keratomycosis-affected horses. Methods: Fungal culture of ocular samples yielded 6 Fusarium spp; 7 Aspergillus spp; and 1 isolate each of Curvularia, Scopulariopsis, Penicillium, and Chrysosporium. For each fungal isolate, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of SSD and natamycin were determined. Results: For all 17 fungal isolates, SSD MIC distribution ranged from 64 microg/mL; MIC50 and MIC90 (MICs at which 50% and 90% of organisms were inhibited) were 4 and 32 microg/mL, respectively. The SSD MFC distribution for all isolates was 64 microg/mL; MFC50 and MFC90 (MFCs at which 50% and 90% of organisms were killed) were 8 and > 64 microg/mL, respectively. For all fungal isolates, natamycin MIC distribution ranged from 256 to > 1,000 microg/mL; MIC50 and MIC90 were 512 and > 1,000 microg/mL, respectively. The natamycin MFC distribution for all isolates ranged from 512 to > 1,000 microg/mL; MFC(50) and MFC(90) were each > 1,000 microg/mL. Conclusions: These in vitro data suggest that SSD is fungicidal against the fungal isolates that were obtained from eyes of horses with keratomycosis and that natamycin is fungicidal against some of the isolates at the drug concentrations evaluated. Silver sulfadiazine may be a therapeutic option for equine keratomycosis.
Publication Date: 2006-10-04 PubMed ID: 17014335DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.67.10.1788Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The study investigated the antifungal properties of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and natamycin on fungi isolated from the eyes of horses with an eye disease called keratomycosis. The results suggest that SSD effectively kills these fungi and could potentially be used as a therapeutic treatment for keratomycosis.
Methods and Fungal Samples
- The team conducted an in vitro (in a controlled environment outside of a living organism) study on filamentous fungal isolates. These isolates were taken from the eyes of horses with keratomycosis.
- The fungal culture produced yielded a variety of fungi, including 6 Fusarium spp, 7 Aspergillus spp, and an isolate each of 4 other types
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC)
- For each fungal isolate, the team determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of SSD and natamycin.
- MIC is the lowest concentration of a chemical which inhibits the visible growth of a microorganism. MFC is the lowest concentration of a chemical capable of killing a particular bacteria or fungus.
Results and Conclusions
- The SSD MIC distribution ranged from ≤ 1 to > 64 microg/mL; MIC50 and MIC90 (MICs at which 50% and 90% of organisms were inhibited) were 4 and 32 microg/mL, respectively.
- The SSD MFC distribution for all isolates was ≤ 1 to > 64 microg/mL; MFC50 and MFC90 (MFCs at which 50% and 90% of organisms were killed) were 8 and > 64 microg/mL, respectively.
- Natamycin’s MIC and MFC distributions were generally higher than those of SSD, indicating less effectiveness.
- The results from these in vitro data suggest that SSD is fungicidal (able to kill fungi) against the fungal isolates obtained from the eyes of horses with keratomycosis.
- Natamycin was found to be capable of killing some of the isolates, but at the drug concentrations evaluated, it appeared less effective than SSD.
- The conclusion from this data is that silver sulfadiazine may be a therapeutic option for treating equine keratomycosis.
Cite This Article
APA
Betbeze CM, Wu CC, Krohne SG, Stiles J.
(2006).
In vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of silver sulfadiazine and natamycin on pathogenic fungi isolated from horses with keratomycosis.
Am J Vet Res, 67(10), 1788-1793.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.67.10.1788 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antifungal Agents / pharmacology
- Eye Infections, Fungal / microbiology
- Eye Infections, Fungal / veterinary
- Fungi / drug effects
- Fungi / isolation & purification
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses / microbiology
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Natamycin / pharmacology
- Silver Sulfadiazine / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Donovan C, Arenas E, Ayyala RS, Margo CE, Espana EM. Fungal keratitis: Mechanisms of infection and management strategies. Surv Ophthalmol 2022 May-Jun;67(3):758-769.
- Foote BC, Smith JS, Bowden AC, Allbaugh RA, Sebbag L. Case Report: Successful Management of Refractory Keratomycosis in an Alpaca Using Penetrating Keratoplasty and Combination Antifungal Therapy (Caspofungin 0.5% and Terbinafine 1%). Front Vet Sci 2021;8:644074.
- Cullen M, Jacob ME, Cornish V, VanderSchel IQ, Cotter HVT, Cubeta MA, Carbone I, Gilger BC. Multi-locus DNA sequence analysis, antifungal agent susceptibility, and fungal keratitis outcome in horses from Southeastern United States. PLoS One 2019;14(3):e0214214.
- Galera PD, Brooks DE. Optimal management of equine keratomycosis. Vet Med (Auckl) 2012;3:7-17.
- Volk HA, O'Reilly A, Bodley K, McCracken H. Keratomycosis in captive red pandas (Ailurus fulgens): 2 cases. Open Vet J 2018;8(2):200-203.
- Akhavan O, Ghaderi E. Enhancement of antibacterial properties of Ag nanorods by electric field. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2009 Feb;10(1):015003.
- Sandmeyer LS, Bauer BS, Robinson K, Grahn BH. Diagnostic ophthalmology. Can Vet J 2014 Mar;55(3):281-3.
- Reed Z, Thomasy SM, Good KL, Maggs DJ, Magdesian KG, Pusterla N, Hollingsworth SR. Equine keratomycoses in California from 1987 to 2010 (47 cases). Equine Vet J 2013 May;45(3):361-6.
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