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In vitro susceptibility of six isolates of equine herpesvirus 1 to acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir, adefovir, PMEDAP and foscarnet.
Abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an important equine pathogen that causes respiratory disease, abortion, neonatal death and paralysis. Although vaccines are available, they are not fully protective and outbreaks of disease may occur in vaccinated herds. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective antiviral treatment. For three abortigenic (94P247, 97P70 and 99P96) and three neuropathogenic isolates (97P82, 99P136 and 03P37), the effect of acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine (PMEDAP) and foscarnet on plaque number was studied. Additionally, for isolate 97P70, the effect on plaque size was investigated. Ganciclovir was most potent in reducing plaque number, followed by PMEDAP and acyclovir. Adefovir and cidofovir were less effective and foscarnet was the least effective compound. There were no differences detected for acyclovir, ganciclovir, adefovir and PMEDAP between the abortigenic and neuropathogenic isolates. One abortigenic isolate (99P96) was more susceptible to cidofovir and two neuropathogenic isolates (99P136 and 03P37) were less susceptible to foscarnet. For isolate 97P70, all compounds resulted in a significant reduction of plaque size. The most remarkable effect was observed for cidofovir. It was 40-fold more effective in reducing plaque size than in reducing plaque number. In conclusion, ganciclovir was the most potent compound and therefore, may be a valuable candidate for the treatment of EHV-1 infections in horses. The antiviral effect of foscarnet on plaque number was highly dependent on the viral isolate tested. Therefore, it is no valuable antiviral for the treatment of herpesvirus-infections. Cidofovir, although less effective in reducing plaque number, had a strong effect on plaque size.
Publication Date: 2007-01-14 PubMed ID: 17276631DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.01.004Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study investigates the effectiveness of six different antiviral treatments against the Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), a virus affecting horses and responsible for various health issues such as respiratory disease, abortion, paralysis, and neonatal death. The most successful treatment was ganciclovir, making it a potential therapy for EHV-1 infections in horses.
Exploring Antiviral Treatments for EHV-1
- In this research, the six treatments tested were acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir, adefovir, PMEDAP, and foscarnet.
- The study tested the treatments on three abortigenic and three neuropathogenic isolates of the EHV-1 virus.
- The main calculation was evaluating the effect of these drugs on the plaque number, a term referring to the visible structures formed in the host’s tissues due to virus infection.
Results from Testing Antiviral Treatments
- Ganciclovir was identified as the most effective compound in reducing the plaque number and hailed as a potent potential treatment for EHV-1 infections in horses.
- PMEDAP and acyclovir followed ganciclovir in terms of their effectiveness in reducing the plaque number.
- On the other hand, adefovir and cidofovir were less effective, and foscarnet was the least effective compound among the six tested treatments.
- No differences were observed between responses of abortigenic and neuropathogenic isolates to acyclovir, ganciclovir, adefovir, and PMEDAP.
- Interestingly, one abortigenic isolate (99P96) showed more susceptibility to cidofovir while two neuropathogenic isolates (99P136 and 03P37) were less susceptible to foscarnet.
Investigation of Plaque Size for Isolate 97P70
- The effect of the treatments on plaque size for isolate 97P70 was also investigated, with all compounds resulting in a significant plaque size reduction.
- Cidofovir stood out for its 40-fold higher effectiveness in reducing plaque size compared to reducing its number, an intriguing finding suggesting further areas for research.
- In summary, the study identified ganciclovir as a viable treatment for EHV-1 infections in horses. It also prompted the exclusion of foscarnet due to its unpredictable effectiveness depending on the viral isolate.
Cite This Article
APA
Garré B, van der Meulen K, Nugent J, Neyts J, Croubels S, De Backer P, Nauwynck H.
(2007).
In vitro susceptibility of six isolates of equine herpesvirus 1 to acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir, adefovir, PMEDAP and foscarnet.
Vet Microbiol, 122(1-2), 43-51.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.01.004 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. barbara.garre@ugent.be
MeSH Terms
- Acyclovir / pharmacology
- Adenine / analogs & derivatives
- Adenine / pharmacology
- Animals
- Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
- Cell Survival / drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cidofovir
- Cytosine / analogs & derivatives
- Cytosine / pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Viral
- Epithelial Cells / drug effects
- Foscarnet / pharmacology
- Ganciclovir / pharmacology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / drug effects
- Horses
- Lung / cytology
- Organophosphonates / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 15 times.- Thieulent CJ, Sutton G, Toquet MP, Fremaux S, Hue E, Fortier C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Abrioux S, Guitton E, Pronost S, Paillot R. Oral Administration of Valganciclovir Reduces Clinical Signs, Virus Shedding and Cell-Associated Viremia in Ponies Experimentally Infected with the Equid Herpesvirus-1 C(2254) Variant. Pathogens 2022 May 4;11(5).
- Alling CR, Liu CC, Langohr IM, Haque M, Carter RT, Baker RE, Lewin AC. Assessment of Cidofovir for Treatment of Ocular Bovine Herpesvirus-1 Infection in Cattle Using an Ex-Vivo Model. Viruses 2021 Oct 18;13(10).
- Sutton G, Thieulent C, Fortier C, Hue ES, Marcillaud-Pitel C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Guitton E, Paillot R, Pronost S. Identification of a New Equid Herpesvirus 1 DNA Polymerase (ORF30) Genotype with the Isolation of a C(2254)/H(752) Strain in French Horses Showing no Major Impact on the Strain Behaviour. Viruses 2020 Oct 13;12(10).
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- Tempesta M, Crescenzo G, Camero M, Bellacicco AL, Tarsitano E, Decaro N, Neyts J, Martella V, Buonavoglia C. Assessing the efficacy of cidofovir against herpesvirus-induced genital lesions in goats using different therapeutic regimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008 Nov;52(11):4064-8.
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- Normand C, Thieulent CJ, Fortier C, Sutton G, Senamaud-Beaufort C, Jourdren L, Blugeon C, Vidalain PO, Pronost S, Hue ES. A Screening Study Identified Decitabine as an Inhibitor of Equid Herpesvirus 4 That Enhances the Innate Antiviral Response. Viruses 2024 May 8;16(5).
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