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Microorganisms2022; 10(2); doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10020387

Infectious Uveitis in Horses and New Insights in Its Leptospiral Biofilm-Related Pathogenesis.

Abstract: Uveitis is a sight-threatening eye disease in equids known worldwide that leads to considerable pain and suffering. By far the most common type of uveitis in Germany and neighboring countries is classical equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), which is caused by chronic intraocular leptospiral infection and is the main cause of infectious uveitis in horses. Other infectious causes are extremely rare and are usually clinically distinguishable from ERU. ERU can be treated very effectively by vitreous cavity lavage (vitrectomy). For proper indications of this demanding surgery, it is necessary to differentiate ERU from other types of uveitis in which vitrectomy is not helpful. This can be conducted on the basis of anamnesis in combination with ophthalmologic findings and by aqueous humor examination. During vitrectomy, vitreous material is obtained. These vitreous samples have historically been used for numerous etiologic studies. In this way, a chronic intraocular leptospiral infection has been shown to be the cause of typical ERU and, among other findings, ERU has also been recognized as a biofilm infection, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of ERU and explaining some thus far unexplainable phenomena of ERU. ERU may not only have transmissible aspects to some types of uveitis in humans but may also serve as a model for a spontaneously occurring biofilm infection. Vitreous material obtained during therapeutically indicated vitrectomy can be used for further studies on in vivo biofilm formation, biofilm composition and possible therapeutic approaches.
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Publication Date: 2022-02-07 PubMed ID: 35208842PubMed Central: PMC8875353DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020387Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper explores infectious uveitis, a debilitating eye disease affecting horses, primarily focusing on its most widespread form in Germany and neighboring societies – Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU) caused by chronic intraocular leptospiral infection. The article also throws light on how treatment by vitreous cavity lavage and evaluations of vitreous samples contribute to understanding the biofilm-related pathogenesis of ERU.

The Topic of Study: Infectious Uveitis in Horses

  • Infectious uveitis is a severe eye disease affecting horses, causing substantial pain and sight impairment.
  • The research focuses on the most prevalent form of this disease in Germany and nearby areas – Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU), which results from a chronic intraocular leptospiral infection.
  • While other infectious causes for the eye disease exist, they are extremely rare and usually distinguishable from ERU clinically.

The Treatment: Vitreous Cavity Lavage (Vitrectomy)

  • The paper details a treatment method called vitreous cavity lavage or vitrectomy which is incredibly effective in treating ERU.
  • However, correct indication for this complex surgical procedure requires discerning ERU from other types of uveitis where vitrectomy may not prove beneficial. This differentiation is conducted based on veterinary history, ophthalmologic findings, and aqueous humor examination.

The Research: Etiologic Studies Using Vitreous Samples

  • Vitreous material obtained during vitrectomy has been instrumental in conducting various etiologic studies.
  • Such studies have confirmed that chronic intraocular leptospiral infection is the primary cause of ERU. Furthermore, ERU has also been recognized as a biofilm infection, contributing to a more profound understanding of its pathogenesis and clarifying previously unexplainable phenomena related to the disease.
  • One key discovery is that ERU could potentially have transmissible aspects to some types of human uveitis and can serve as a model for spontaneously occurring biofilm infections.
  • The vitreous material extracted during therapeutically indicated vitrectomies can aid future studies on in vivo biofilm formation, its composition and possible treatment approaches.

Cite This Article

APA
Wollanke B, Gerhards H, Ackermann K. (2022). Infectious Uveitis in Horses and New Insights in Its Leptospiral Biofilm-Related Pathogenesis. Microorganisms, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020387

Publication

Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
NlmUniqueID: 101625893
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 2

Researcher Affiliations

Wollanke, Bettina
  • Equine Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Gerhards, Hartmut
  • Equine Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Ackermann, Kerstin
  • Equine Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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