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Influenza and other respiratory viruses2010; 4(6); 345-351; doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00157.x

Infectivity and pathogenicity of canine H3N8 influenza A virus in horses.

Abstract: Equine H3N8 influenza A viruses (EIVs) cause respiratory disease in horses and circulate among horses worldwide. In 2004, an outbreak of canine H3N8 influenza A virus (CIV) occurred among dogs in Florida and has spread among dogs in the United States (US). Genetic analyses revealed that this CIV is closely related to the recent EIVs. Although CIV-infected dogs could be the source of H3N8 influenza A virus for horses, it remains unclear whether the CIV circulating in the United States still maintains its infectivity and/or pathogenicity in horses. To address this, we investigated the infectivity and pathogenicity of CIV in horses and the receptor binding specificity of CIV. Methods: Three horses were inoculated with A/canine/Colorado/30604/2006 (CO06, H3N8). Clinical signs and nasal swabs were recorded or collected every day. We also evaluated the virus binding to α2-3-linked 5-N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAcα2-3Gal) and 5-N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGcα2-3Gal) receptor analogues. Results: Although all the three horses inoculated with CO06 seroconverted, they showed only mild clinical signs and two of them showed no virus shedding. CO06 had reduced binding to NeuGcα2-3Gal. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that CO06 had reduced proliferation ability and pathogenicity in horses. As the recognition of NeuGcα2-3Gal by EIV is known to be essential for binding to the equine respiratory system, the decreased binding of CO06 to NeuGcα2-3Gal may be one of the important factors that reduces the proliferation ability and pathogenicity of CO06 in horses.
© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2010-10-21 PubMed ID: 20958928PubMed Central: PMC4634615DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00157.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the ability of a canine version of the H3N8 influenza A virus to infect and cause disease in horses. The study concludes that the specific strain of the virus used in this experiment was less able to multiply and cause disease in horses, possibly due to its diminished binding capability with a key element in the equine respiratory system.

Background and Objectives

  • The research was based on a previous occurrence in 2004 where an outbreak of the H3N8 influenza A virus among dogs was observed in Florida and has since spread among dogs in the United States.
  • Genetic analyses showed that the canine version of this virus is closely related to the equine version, causing respiratory disease in horses.
  • The research aim was to determine whether this canine version still maintains its ability to infect and cause disease in horses.

    • Methods

    • Three horses were inoculated with a particular strain of the virus, known as A/canine/Colorado/30604/2006 (abbreviated to CO06).
    • Observations were taken daily on clinical signs and nasal swabs were collected.
    • The virus’s ability to bind to two types of receptor analogues was also evaluated.

      • Results

      • All three horses presented an immune response to the virus, but only showed mild symptoms of illness.
      • Two of the three horses did not shed the virus, indicating that it did not multiply effectively in their systems.
      • The CO06 strain was less effective at binding to one of the receptor analogues.

        • Conclusions

        • The results suggest that the CO06 strain was less effective in both multiplying and causing disease in horses, likely due to its reduced ability to bind to the NeuGcα2-3Gal receptor analogue.
        • This receptor analogue is critical for the equine version of H3N8 influenza A to bind to the respiratory system of the horse.
        • Therefore, this reduction in binding ability is likely a key reason for the diminished infectivity and pathogenicity of CO06 in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Yamanaka T, Tsujimura K, Kondo T, Matsumura T, Ishida H, Kiso M, Hidari KI, Suzuki T. (2010). Infectivity and pathogenicity of canine H3N8 influenza A virus in horses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses, 4(6), 345-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00157.x

Publication

Influenza and other respiratory viruses
ISSN: 1750-2659
NlmUniqueID: 101304007
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 4
Issue: 6
Pages: 345-351

Researcher Affiliations

Yamanaka, Takashi
  • Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, Japan. yamanaka@epizoo.equinst.go.jp
Tsujimura, Koji
    Kondo, Takashi
      Matsumura, Tomio
        Ishida, Hideharu
          Kiso, Makoto
            Hidari, Kazuya I P J
              Suzuki, Takashi

                MeSH Terms

                • Animals
                • Antibodies, Viral / blood
                • Disease Models, Animal
                • Dog Diseases / virology
                • Dogs
                • Horse Diseases / pathology
                • Horse Diseases / virology
                • Horses
                • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / isolation & purification
                • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / pathogenicity
                • Nasal Mucosa / virology
                • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / pathology
                • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
                • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
                • Receptors, Virus / analysis
                • United States
                • Virus Attachment
                • Virus Shedding

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