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Influence of repeated arthrocentesis and exercise on synovial fluid concentrations of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and glycosaminoglycans in healthy equine joints.
Abstract: The importance of osteoarthritis (OA) in the horse and the difficulty in its early diagnosis have led to a search for potential biomarkers of joint disease. If the levels of such markers are to be interpreted accurately, clinicians and researchers need to know whether they are influenced by environmental factors and/or interventions such as exercise and repeated arthrocentesis. Objective: To investigate the influence of repeated arthrocentesis and exercise on nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentrations in synovial fluid (SF) from normal equine joints. Methods: SF was collected from the left metacarpophalangeal (MCP), radiocarpal and tarsocrural joints of 16 horses. Half of the horses were exercised and arthrocentesis was repeated 14, 14.5, 17 and 24 days after the start of the exercise programme, in both exercised and control horses. Nitric oxide was determined in SF from the MCP joint only and PGE2 and GAG concentrations were determined in SF from all joints. Results: Repeated arthrocentesis caused an increase in NO concentration in the MCP joint on Day 145, in PGE2 concentrations in the radiocarpal and tarsocrural joints on Day 145 and the release of GAGs into SF of the MCP and radiocarpal joints on Day 17. Exercise resulted in an increase in PGE2 levels in all joints but did not influence the other parameters measured. Conclusions: Repeated arthrocentesis is a potential confounding factor for the use of synovial NO, PGE2 and GAG concentrations as markers of joint disease. Based on this study, such a confounding effect can be avoided if one week or more separates arthrocentesis procedures. Moderate exercise causes a transient rise in PGE2 in SF.
Publication Date: 2005-05-17 PubMed ID: 15892235DOI: 10.2746/0425164054530740Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Clinical Trial
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research examines how regular arthrocentesis (joint fluid removal) and exercise affect concentrations of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and glycosaminoglycans in the synovial fluid of healthy horse joints, which could alter the interpretation of these substances as potential markers of equine joint disease.
Study Objectives and Methods
- The primary aim of this research was to explore how repeated arthrocentesis (removal of synovial fluid) and physical activity impacted nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentrations in synovial fluid (SF) from normal equine (horse) joints. These compounds are being studied for their potential as biomarkers for joint disease in horses, especially osteoarthritis (OA).
- Synovial fluid was obtained from the left metacarpophalangeal (MCP), radiocarpal, and tarsocrural joints of 16 horses. Half of the horses were regularly exercised, and arthrocentesis was conducted again on specified days after the exercise commencement in both the exercised and control group of horses.
- NO was determined only in synovial fluid from the MCP joint while PGE2 and GAG quantities were measured in all collected synovial samples.
Study Results
- Regular arthrocentesis resulted in increased NO concentration in the MCP joint, elevated PGE2 levels in the radiocarpal and tarsocrural joints, and the release of GAGs into SF of MCP and radiocarpal joints on specified days.
- Physical activity led to a rise in PGE2 levels in all joints examined, but had no noticeable effect on the other parameters measured.
Study Conclusions
- The study concluded that frequent arthrocentesis could potentially confound the interpretations of synovial NO, PGE2, and GAG levels as markers of joint disease, likely due to the procedure itself influencing the concentrations of these compounds in the SF.
- The confounding effect of regular arthrocentesis could be prevented if a week or more is allowed to elapse between arthrocentesis procedures.
- Moderate exercise was observed to cause a transient increase in PGE2 levels in SF, indicating that physical activity levels may also need to be considered when interpreting these potential joint disease markers.
Cite This Article
APA
van den Boom R, van de Lest CH, Bull S, Brama RA, van Weeren PR, Barneveld A.
(2005).
Influence of repeated arthrocentesis and exercise on synovial fluid concentrations of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and glycosaminoglycans in healthy equine joints.
Equine Vet J, 37(3), 250-256.
https://doi.org/10.2746/0425164054530740 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Departments of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 12, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / analysis
- Dinoprostone / analysis
- Female
- Glycosaminoglycans / analysis
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses / metabolism
- Joint Diseases / diagnosis
- Joint Diseases / veterinary
- Joints / chemistry
- Male
- Nitric Oxide / analysis
- Paracentesis / adverse effects
- Paracentesis / methods
- Paracentesis / veterinary
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / adverse effects
- Synovial Fluid / chemistry
- Time Factors
Citations
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