Intestinal parasites in Przewalski’s horses (Equus ferus przewalskii): a field survey at the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary.

This research article discusses a study on intestinal parasites in Przewalski’s horses, a rare and endangered subspecies of wild horse, at the Pentezug Wildhorse Reserve in Hungary. The researchers found that all horses tested showed signs of intestinal parasites, with varying types and levels.

Methodology

• The study was conducted from September to November 2018 at the Hortobágy National Park in Hungary.
• A total of 79 faecal samples were collected from Przewalski’s horses living in the reserve.
• The research team employed various methods to examine the samples, including the McMaster, Willis flotation, natural sedimentation, and coproculture processes.

Findings

• The results showed a high faecal egg-shedding level indicating a high parasite load, with an average of 1287 eggs per gram (EPG).
• All samples tested positive for strongyle-type eggs, indicating the presence of these intestinal parasites in all horses.
• The study revealed no significant differences in EPG values between different groups of horses in the population, including those of different ages, sexes, or lactating status, and those that were bachelors versus harem members.
• The Cyathostominae subfamily was dominant compared to Strongylinae and Tricostrongylidae. Fifteen different morphological infective third-stage larvae and/or species belonging to the order Strongylida were identified.

Additional Observations

• Besides the dominant presence of Cyathostominae, Strongylus vulgaris was the most prevalent strongylin parasite (40.5%).
• Other parasites found in the horses included Parascaris sp. (27.8% of horses) and Oxyuris equi (2.5% of horses).
• The research showed higher prevalence of certain parasites (Triodontophorus serratus and Poteriostomum spp.) in juvenile horses.
• Horses infected with S. vulgaris parasite had lower levels of EPG.

Significance

• This study is the first of its kind involving the Przewalski’s horse population at the Hortobágy National Park, providing valuable information for future conservation efforts.
• The high parasite load in all horses presents a potential danger to the health and welfare of this endangered horse subspecies. This calls for efficient parasite management measures.
• The findings provide a valuable baseline data for understanding the intestinal parasitic infection of Przewalski’s horses, which could contribute to improved treatment plans and general management of the species.