FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Immunol Immunopathol / ISCOM-matrix-based equine influenza (EIV) vaccine stimulates...
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2011; 145(1-2); 516-521; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.11.019

ISCOM-matrix-based equine influenza (EIV) vaccine stimulates cell-mediated immunity in the horse.

Abstract: The humoral immune response induced by ISCOM-matrix (Immuno Stimulating COMplex-Matrix)-adjuvanted equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccine is well documented in horses. ISCOM-matrix adjuvanted vaccines against human influenza are strong inducers of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), including T cell proliferation and virus-specific cytotoxic T cell. In the horse, the CMI response to equine influenza vaccination is less well characterised. An ISCOM-based vaccine has been shown to induce interferon gamma (IFN-γ) synthesis, a CMI marker, in the horse, but this has not been shown for the ISCOM-matrix vaccine, which is a different formulation. The objective of this study was to measure EIV-specific IFN-γ synthesis after vaccination with an ISCOM-matrix-adjuvanted EIV vaccine. Equilis Prequenza is a commercialised inactivated EIV vaccine containing purified haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subunits adjuvanted with ISCOM-matrix. Six influenza-naïve Welsh mountain ponies were vaccinated twice with Equilis Prequenza at an interval of four weeks. Six control ponies received a placebo of physiological water. EIV-specific IFN-γ synthesis by peripheral blood lymphocytes and the antibody response to a panel of representative EIV isolates were measured prior to and after both injections. Immunisation with the ISCOM-matrix-based EIV vaccine stimulated significant EIV-specific IFN-γ synthesis and EIV-specific single radial haemolysis (SRH) antibody. In conclusion, EIV vaccine adjuvanted with ISCOM-matrix stimulates both antibody and a cellular immune response in the horse.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2011-11-26 PubMed ID: 22178272DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.11.019Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper is about the successful testing of an equine flu vaccine, which was found to invoke both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in horses.

Overview of the Research

  • The research focuses on the use of the ISCOM-matrix—an Immuno Stimulating COMplex-Matrix also known as adjuvant, which enhances the immune response to a vaccine—in an equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccine.
  • The objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of this ISCOM-matrix adjuvanted EIV vaccine in generating an immune reaction in horses, specifically in stimulating the production of a protein called interferon gamma (IFN-γ).
  • This protein marker is an important component of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), which refers to the immune response that doesn’t involve antibodies, but rather activates phagocytes, killer T-cells, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.

Research Methodology

  • As part of the experiment, six influenza-naïve Welsh mountain ponies were administered Equilis Prequenza—a commercialized inactive EIV vaccine containing purified haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subunits adjuvanted with the ISCOM-matrix—twice, with an interval of four weeks. Meanwhile, six control ponies received a placebo.
  • The release of EIV-specific IFN-γ by white blood cells and the antibody response measured against a variety of EIV isolates were assessed before and after both injections.

Research Findings

  • The immunization with the ISCOM-matrix–based EIV vaccine provoked significant EIV-specific IFN-γ production, as well as production of EIV-specific single radial haemolysis (SRH) antibodies.
  • Therefore, it was concluded that the EIV vaccine adjuvanted with ISCOM-matrix stimulates both an antibody and cellular immune response in horses.
  • These findings are particularly relevant as they pave the way for developing more effective vaccines against equine influenza, by emphasizing the role of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in imparting complete immunity.

Cite This Article

APA
Paillot R, Prowse L. (2011). ISCOM-matrix-based equine influenza (EIV) vaccine stimulates cell-mediated immunity in the horse. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 145(1-2), 516-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.11.019

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 1873-2534
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 145
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 516-521

Researcher Affiliations

Paillot, R
  • Animal Health Trust, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK. romain.paillot@aht.org.uk
Prowse, L

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Antibodies, Viral / blood
    • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
    • Horse Diseases / immunology
    • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
    • Horse Diseases / virology
    • Horses / immunology
    • Horses / virology
    • ISCOMs / immunology
    • ISCOMs / pharmacology
    • Immunity, Cellular / drug effects
    • Immunity, Cellular / immunology
    • Immunity, Humoral / drug effects
    • Immunity, Humoral / immunology
    • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / immunology
    • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
    • Influenza Vaccines / pharmacology
    • Interferon-gamma / blood
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology

    Citations

    This article has been cited 11 times.
    1. Whitlock F, Murcia PR, Newton JR. A Review on Equine Influenza from a Human Influenza Perspective. Viruses 2022 Jun 15;14(6).
      doi: 10.3390/v14061312pubmed: 35746783google scholar: lookup
    2. El-Hage C, Hartley C, Savage C, Watson J, Gilkerson J, Paillot R. Assessment of Humoral and Long-Term Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Recombinant Canarypox-Vectored Equine Influenza Virus Vaccination in Horses Using Conventional and Accelerated Regimens Respectively. Vaccines (Basel) 2022 May 26;10(6).
      doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060855pubmed: 35746463google scholar: lookup
    3. Oladunni FS, Oseni SO, Martinez-Sobrido L, Chambers TM. Equine Influenza Virus and Vaccines. Viruses 2021 Aug 20;13(8).
      doi: 10.3390/v13081657pubmed: 34452521google scholar: lookup
    4. Dilai M, Piro M, El Harrak M, Fougerolle S, Dehhaoui M, Dikrallah A, Legrand L, Paillot R, Fassi Fihri O. Impact of Mixed Equine Influenza Vaccination on Correlate of Protection in Horses. Vaccines (Basel) 2018 Oct 4;6(4).
      doi: 10.3390/vaccines6040071pubmed: 30287762google scholar: lookup
    5. Singh RK, Dhama K, Karthik K, Khandia R, Munjal A, Khurana SK, Chakraborty S, Malik YS, Virmani N, Singh R, Tripathi BN, Munir M, van der Kolk JH. A Comprehensive Review on Equine Influenza Virus: Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathobiology, Advances in Developing Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Control Strategies. Front Microbiol 2018;9:1941.
      doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01941pubmed: 30237788google scholar: lookup
    6. Paillot R, Marcillaud Pitel C, D'Ablon X, Pronost S. Equine Vaccines: How, When and Why? Report of the Vaccinology Session, French Equine Veterinarians Association, 2016, Reims. Vaccines (Basel) 2017 Dec 4;5(4).
      doi: 10.3390/vaccines5040046pubmed: 29207516google scholar: lookup
    7. Paillot R. A Systematic Review of Recent Advances in Equine Influenza Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2014 Nov 14;2(4):797-831.
      doi: 10.3390/vaccines2040797pubmed: 26344892google scholar: lookup
    8. Pouwels HG, Van de Zande SM, Horspool LJ, Hoeijmakers MJ. Efficacy of a non-updated, Matrix-C-based equine influenza subunit-tetanus vaccine following Florida sublineage clade 2 challenge. Vet Rec 2014 Jun 21;174(25):633.
      doi: 10.1136/vr.101993pubmed: 24795071google scholar: lookup
    9. Anderson J, Bréard E, Lövgren Bengtsson K, Grönvik KO, Zientara S, Valarcher JF, Hägglund S. Purification, stability, and immunogenicity analyses of five bluetongue virus proteins for use in development of a subunit vaccine that allows differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2014 Mar;21(3):443-52.
      doi: 10.1128/CVI.00776-13pubmed: 24451327google scholar: lookup
    10. Galvin P, Gildea S, Arkins S, Walsh C, Cullinane A. The evaluation of a nucleoprotein ELISA for the detection of equine influenza antibodies and the differentiation of infected from vaccinated horses (DIVA). Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2013 Dec;7 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):73-80.
      doi: 10.1111/irv.12195pubmed: 24224822google scholar: lookup
    11. Atwa AS, Gomaa L, Elmenofy W, Amer HM, Ahmed BM. Expression of recombinant Florida clade 2 hemagglutinin in baculovirus expression system: A step for subunit vaccine development against H3N8 equine influenza virus. Open Vet J 2024 Jan;14(1):350-359.
      doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.32pubmed: 38633177google scholar: lookup
    Subscribe to our newsletter
    Join 99,105 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.