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Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2022; 53(1); 455-464; doi: 10.1007/s42770-021-00667-0

Klebsiella-induced infections in domestic species: a case-series study in 697 animals (1997-2019).

Abstract: Klebsiella species, particularly K. pneumoniae, are well-known opportunistic enterobacteria related to complexity of clinical infections in humans and animals, commonly refractory to conventional therapy. The domestic animals may represent a source of the pathogenic and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella species to humans. Nevertheless, most studies involving Klebsiella-induced infections in domestic animals are restricted to case reports or outbreaks. We retrospectively investigated selected epidemiological data, clinical aspects, and in vitro susceptibility pattern of 697 non-repetitive Klebsiella infections in livestock and companion species (1997-2019). The isolates were obtained from different clinical disorders from dogs (n = 393), cattle (n = 149), horses (n = 98), cats (n = 27), pigs (n = 22), sheep (n = 5), goats (n = 2), and buffalo (n = 1), except four isolates from subclinical bovine mastitis. Urinary (223/697 = 32%), enteric (117/697 = 16.8%), mammary (85/697 = 12.2%), reproductive (85/697 = 12.2%), and respiratory disorders (67/697 = 9.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Other miscellaneous clinical pictures (116/697 = 16.6%) included abscesses, otitis, hepatitis, conjunctivitis, pyodermitis, sepsis, and encephalitis. Norfloxacin (183/245 = 74.7%) and gentamicin (226/330 = 68.5%) were the most effective antimicrobials. High in vitro resistance of the isolates was seen to ampicillin (326/355 = 91.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (25/62 = 40.3%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100/252 = 39.7), and multidrug resistance to ≥ 3 classes of antimicrobials was found in 20.4% (142/697) isolates. Wide variety of clinical manifestations of Klebsiella-induced infections was observed, with a predominance of urinary, enteric, mammary, reproductive, and respiratory tract disorders, reinforcing opportunistic behavior of agent. Poor in vitro efficacy was observed to some conventional antimicrobials and ~ 20% of isolates exhibited resistance pattern, reinforcing the need for proper use of drugs on therapy approaches in domestic animals to avoid multidrug-resistant bacteria, an emergent global concern.
© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.
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Publication Date: 2022-01-11 PubMed ID: 35018603PubMed Central: PMC8882559DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00667-0Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article discusses a study on 697 domestic animals infected with the bacteria Klebsiella, specifically looking at the variety of infections, their resistance to treatment, and their potential to spread to humans.

Study Overview

  • The research investigated Klebsiella-induced infections in various kinds of domestic animals including dogs, cattle, horses, cats, pigs, sheep, goats, and buffalo. These infections were tracked retrospectively from 1997 to 2019. The analysis included epidemiological data, clinical aspects, and susceptibility patterns of infections.

Findings on Clinical Manifestations

  • The most common clinical manifestations of the infection were found to be urinary, enteric (related to intestines), mammary (related to mammary glands), reproductive, and respiratory disorders. Other notable conditions included abscesses, otitis (ear infection), hepatitis, conjunctivitis, pyodermitis, sepsis, and encephalitis. The wide variety of clinical manifestations across different body systems reinforced the opportunistic nature of this bacteria.

Findings on Antibiotic Resistance

  • The research noted high resistance of the Klebsiella species to several antibiotics. It exhibited high in vitro (in a controlled lab environment) resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.
  • Norfloxacin and gentamicin were found to be the most effective antimicrobials against the isolates from this study.
  • Moreover, around 20% of the isolates were found to exhibit multidrug resistance, meaning they were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials. This resistance pattern underlines the urgent issue of antimicrobial resistance which is a major global health concern.

Implications and Recommendations

  • The study reinforces the importance of proper use of antimicrobials in treating domestic animals. Misuse or overuse of these drugs can potentially lead to the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, contributing to the larger global antimicrobial resistance crisis.
  • The authors also suggest that domestic animals can serve as a source of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella species to humans, although further research would be required to demonstrate direct transmission. These findings underscore the importance of veterinary public health, and the need to manage and monitor infections in domestic animals with a One Health approach, considering both animal and human health.

Cite This Article

APA
Ribeiro MG, de Morais ABC, Alves AC, Bolaños CAD, de Paula CL, Portilho FVR, de Nardi Júnior G, Lara GHB, de Souza Araújo Martins L, Moraes LS, Risseti RM, Guerra ST, Bello TS, Siqueira AK, Bertolini AB, Rodrigues CA, Paschoal NR, de Almeida BO, Listoni FJP, Sánchez LFG, Paes AC. (2022). Klebsiella-induced infections in domestic species: a case-series study in 697 animals (1997-2019). Braz J Microbiol, 53(1), 455-464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00667-0

Publication

Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
ISSN: 1678-4405
NlmUniqueID: 101095924
Country: Brazil
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 1
Pages: 455-464

Researcher Affiliations

Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. marcio.ribeiro@unesp.br.
  • School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil. marcio.ribeiro@unesp.br.
de Morais, Amanda Bonalume Cordeiro
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Alves, Ana Carolina
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Bolaños, Carmen Alicia Daza
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Antonio Nariño University, Bogota, Colombia.
de Paula, Carolina Lechinski
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Portilho, Fábio Vinicius Ramos
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
de Nardi Júnior, Geraldo
  • Technology Faculty, FATEC, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Lara, Gustavo Henrique Batista
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
de Souza Araújo Martins, Lorrayne
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Moraes, Lucieny Sierra
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Risseti, Rafaela Mastrangelo
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Guerra, Simony Trevizan
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Bello, Thaís Spessotto
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Siqueira, Amanda Keller
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Bertolini, Amanda Bezerra
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Rodrigues, Carolina Aparecida
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Paschoal, Natália Rodrigues
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
de Almeida, Beatriz Oliveira
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Listoni, Fernando José Paganini
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Sánchez, Luísa Fernanda García
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Paes, Antonio Carlos
  • Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cats
  • Cattle
  • Dogs
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • Female
  • Goats
  • Horses
  • Klebsiella
  • Klebsiella Infections / drug therapy
  • Klebsiella Infections / epidemiology
  • Klebsiella Infections / veterinary
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sheep
  • Swine

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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