FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / BMC Res Notes / Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards rabies: questionn...
BMC research notes2015; 8; 400; doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1357-8

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards rabies: questionnaire survey in rural household heads of Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia.

Abstract: Rabies is a fatal animal disease of significant public health importance. Domestic dogs are the main reservoir and transmitter of this disease particularly in developing countries. Even though rabies is a highly fatal disease, it is a preventable disease. Community awareness about rabies is one of the key components for prevention. This study describes the knowledge, attitudes and practices of a rural community in Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from March to June, 2013. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data through face to face interviews among 400 respondents. The data were then analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Results: The current study indicated that almost all (99.3%) of the surveyed individuals were aware of the disease rabies. Rabies is considered to be a fatal disease in humans by 67.8% of the respondents while 27.8% believe that it is a treatable disease. Dogs were indicated as source of infection for humans by all respondents followed by equines (27.2%) and cats (12.1%). Bite was known as mode of rabies transmission by majority of the respondents (94%) while other means were given less weight. Aggression was described as a major clinical sign of rabies in animals. Consumption of cooked or boiled meat from rabid animals was considered as safe by 67.0% of the respondents and about 19% replied even raw meat is safe for human consumption. The need for immediate treatment after exposure was mentioned by less than half (47.4%) of the respondents and only 38.8% of the respondents considered modern medicine as appropriate treatment after exposure to rabid animals. Nearly 42% of respondents had experienced a dog bite. Following the dog bites, only 30.7% practiced washing of the wounds with water as first aid. Conclusions: Rabies was found to be well known in the study area. However, knowledge and practices in prevention of rabies were limited. Education of rabies about possible sources of infection, mode of transmission and measures to be taken after exposure is very important in the study area.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2015-09-02 PubMed ID: 26328612PubMed Central: PMC4566865DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1357-8Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigated the awareness, attitudes, and responses to rabies among rural household heads in Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia. It was found that while the majority were familiar with the disease, comprehensive knowledge about its transmission, prevention, and treatment was limited.

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study from March to June in 2013.
  • A structured questionnaire was utilized to gather information from 400 respondents through face to face interviews.
  • The data was then subject to analysis using SPSS statistical software, version 20.

Results

  • The study found that virtually all (99.3%) of the individuals surveyed were aware of the disease rabies.
  • Around 67.8% of the respondents considered rabies to be a fatal disease in humans while 27.8% viewed it as a treatable disease.
  • All respondents pinpointed dogs as the primary source of rabies infection in humans, followed by equines (27.2%) and cats (12.1%).
  • A large majority (94%) identified bites as the transmission method for rabies. Other potential transmission methods were given less consideration.
  • Significant clinical sign of rabies identified in animals was aggression.
  • About 67% of individuals felt safe consuming cooked or boiled meat from a rabid animal and approximately 19% even seemed confident eating the raw meat.
  • Less than half (47.4%) emphasized the importance of immediate medical attention after potential exposure to rabies and merely 38.8% considered modern medicine as an appropriate treatment after contact with a rabid animal.
  • About 42% of interviewees had encountered a dog bite. Post the incident, just 30.7% implemented wound cleansing with water as a first aid measure.

Conclusions

  • While the awareness level of rabies was high, the overall understanding regarding its prevention and treatment was inadequate in the study area.
  • There is a critical need for education about potential sources of infection, modes of transmission, and necessary measures to be taken after exposure to rabies.

Cite This Article

APA
Digafe RT, Kifelew LG, Mechesso AF. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards rabies: questionnaire survey in rural household heads of Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes, 8, 400. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1357-8

Publication

BMC research notes
ISSN: 1756-0500
NlmUniqueID: 101462768
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 8
Pages: 400

Researcher Affiliations

Digafe, Reta T
  • Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. reta.tesfaye@gmail.com.
Kifelew, Legesse G
  • Department of Microbiology, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. legesse_lg@yahoo.com.
Mechesso, Abraham F
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. afikru110@gmail.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bites and Stings
  • Ethiopia
  • Food Microbiology
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Rabies / transmission
  • Rural Population
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

References

This article includes 28 references
  1. Webber R. Communicable disease epidemiology and control: a global perspective. 2. London: CABI Publishing; 2005. pp. 269–271.
  2. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 10. London: Saunders; 2007. pp. 1384–1394.
  3. . Expert consultation on rabies second report. WHO Technical Report Series 982. Geneva; 2013.
    pubmed: 24069724
  4. . Rabies: OIE Terrestrial Manual. World Organization for Animal Health France; 2013.
  5. Knobel DL, Cleaveland S, Coleman PG, Fèvre EM, Meltzer MI, Miranda ME, Shaw A, Zinsstag J, Meslin FX. Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia. Bull WHO 2005;83(5):360–368.
    pmc: PMC2626230pubmed: 15976877
  6. . Expert consultation on rabies first report. WHO Technical Report Series 931. Geneva; 2005.
    pubmed: 16485446
  7. Jemberu WT, Molla W, Almaw G, Alemu S. Incidence of rabies in humans and domestic animals and people’s awareness in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013;7(5):e2216.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002216pmc: PMC3649954pubmed: 23675547google scholar: lookup
  8. Fekadu M. Human rabies surveillance and control in Ethiopia. In: Proceeding of the Southern and Eastern African Rabies Group Meeting: 4–6 March 1997; Nairobi, Kenya.
  9. Bogel K, Motschwiller E. Incidence of rabies and post exposure treatment in developing countries. Bull WHO 1986;64:883–887.
    pmc: PMC2490976pubmed: 3493857
  10. Tefera G, Yimer E, Geyid A. Endemic existence of rabies in Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 2002;40:163–169.
    pubmed: 12240578
  11. Randall DA, Williams SD, Kuzmin IV, Rupprecht CE, Tallents LA, Tefera Z, Argaw K, Shiferaw F, Knobel DL, Sillero-Zubirl C, Laurenson MK. Rabies in endangered Ethiopian wolves. Emerg Infect Dis 2004;10:2214–2217.
    doi: 10.3201/eid1012.040080pmc: PMC3323365pubmed: 15663865google scholar: lookup
  12. Deressa A, Ali A, Beyene M, Newayesilassie B, Yimer E, Hussen K. The status of rabies in Ethiopia: a retrospective record review. Ethiop J Health Dev 2010;24:127–132.
  13. . Frequently asked questions on rabies. WHO regional office for South East Asia http://www.searo.who.int/. Accessed 15 Sep 2014.
  14. . Annual report. Gondar Zuria Development Agriculture office District Maksenyit; 2013.
  15. Kahsay Berhe. Diagnosis and intervention plans for North Gondar zone, Amhara region: livestock and irrigation value chains for Ethiopian smallholders. Addis Ababa; 2013.
  16. Bartlett EJ, Kotrlik WJ, Higgins CC. Organizational Research: determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Inf Technol Learn Perform J 2001;19:1.
  17. Singh SU, Choudhary SK. Knowledge, attitude, behavior and practice study on dog-bites and its management in the context of prevention of rabies in a rural community of Gujarat. Indian J Community Med 2005;30:3.
  18. Ali A, Yimer EA, Sifer D. A study on knowledge, attitude and practice of rabies among residents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiop Vet J 2013;17(2):19–35.
    doi: 10.4314/evj.v17i2.2google scholar: lookup
  19. Ichhupujani R, Chhabra M, Mittal V, Bhattacharya D, Lal S. Knowledge, attitude and practices about animal bites and rabies in general community—a multi-centric study. J Commun Dis 2006;38(4):355–361.
    pubmed: 17913213
  20. Hawker J, Begg N, Blair I, Reintjes R, Weinberg J. Communicable disease control handbook. Oxford: Blackwell; 2005. pp. 182–184.
  21. . WHO world survey of rabies no. 29. Geneva; 1996.
  22. Scott RP. Neurological disorders. In: Andrews HA, Blowey WR, Boyd H, Eddy GR, editors. Bovine medicine diseases and husbandry of cattle. Oxford: Blackwell; 2004. pp. 908–909.
  23. Bjorvatn B, Haukenes G. Rabies Virus. In: Haaheim LR, Pattison JR, Whitley RJ, editors. A practical guide to clinical virology. New York: Wiley; 2002. pp. 245–249.
  24. Carter JB, Saunders VA. Virology: principles and applications. New York: Wiley; 2007. pp. 175–184.
  25. Zee YC. Rhabdoviridae. In: Hirsh DC, Zee YC, editors. Veterinary microbiology. Oxford: Blackwell; 1999. pp. 412–416.
  26. Foggin CM. Rabies and rabies-related viruses in Zimbabwe: historical, virological and ecological aspects. PhD thesis. University of Zimbabwe; 1988.
  27. Kitala PM, McDermott JJ, Kyule MN, Gathuma JM. Community-based active surveillance for rabies in Machakos District, Kenya. Prev Vet Med 2000;44:73–85.
    doi: 10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00114-2pubmed: 10727745google scholar: lookup
  28. Kayali U, Mindekem R, Yémadji N, Oussiguéré A, Na¨ıssengar S, Ndoutamia AG, Zinsstag J. Incidence of canine rabies in N’Djaména, Chad. Prev Vet Med 2003;61:227–233.
    doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2003.07.002pubmed: 14554145google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 40 times.
  1. Wyler MKE. Public acceptance of policy measures to prevent and combat infectious diseases in pets: a systematic literature review. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1603592.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1603592pubmed: 41602615google scholar: lookup
  2. Ravhuhali K, Makamu M, Naidoo S, Zuma S, Mvelase S, Ntuli T, Shandu X, Myeni V, Buthelezi Z, Mlambo S, Hlanganyana P, Mbanjwa S, Thompson-Pillay J, Rambally SD, Phoswa M, Mchunu S, Zondi N, Gangat R, Phafane P, Zwane T, Netshivhumbe H, Ramutshila E, Mabona M, Ngidi V, Johnston L, Mhlongo B, Kuonza L. Knowledge and practices on dog bite management for rabies prevention in eThekwini, South Africa. J Public Health Afr 2025;16(4):1391.
    doi: 10.4102/jphia.v16i4.1391pubmed: 41200153google scholar: lookup
  3. Das M, Yustyniuk V, Perez AM, Aguirreburualde MSP. Global Perspectives on Rabies Control and Elimination: A Scoping Review of Dog Owners' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices. Pathogens 2025 Jul 23;14(8).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens14080728pubmed: 40872238google scholar: lookup
  4. Asres GD, Gessesse YK, Salew D, Semie NS, Kindie E, Minwagaw MT, Tafere W, Belay Z, Alebachew H, Bantie GM, Zeru T. Traditional medicine use among rabies exposed individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2025 Jul;19(7):e0013319.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0013319pubmed: 40644528google scholar: lookup
  5. Mshelbwala PP, Wangdi K, Idris J, Hassan MM, Adamu AM, Rupprecht CE, Clark NJ. Traditional practices versus modern healthcare: Determinants of traditional medicine use after potential dog bites among dog-owning households in Nigeria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2025 Mar;19(3):e0012910.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012910pubmed: 40096056google scholar: lookup
  6. Dubie T, Lakew B, Shiferaw H. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards rabies and associated factors among household heads in Welkait district, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2024 Dec 24;24(1):3580.
    doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21130-3pubmed: 39719568google scholar: lookup
  7. Ali YH, Mohieddeen TAG, Abdellatif MM, Ahmed BM, Saeed IK, Attaalfadeel HM, Ali AA. Rabies in equids in Sudan. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 2024 Sep 26;91(1):e1-e10.
    doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v91i1.2181pubmed: 39354785google scholar: lookup
  8. Lounis M, Zarif M, Zeroug Z, Brahimi SSF, Meddour Z. Rabies in the Endemic Region of Algeria: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey among University Students. Animals (Basel) 2024 Jul 27;14(15).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14152193pubmed: 39123719google scholar: lookup
  9. Beresa TG, Beriso TE, Kassa TB, Kebede IA. Assessment of respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward rabies and associated risk factors in Shone Town, Southern Ethiopia. J Vet Sci 2024 May;25(3):e46.
    doi: 10.4142/jvs.23301pubmed: 38834514google scholar: lookup
  10. Leblanc C, Kassié D, Ranaivoharimina M, Rakotomanana EFN, Mangahasimbola RT, Randrianarijaona A, Ramiandrasoa R, Nely AJ, Razafindraibe NP, Andriamandimby SF, Ranoaritiana DB, Rajaonarivony V, Randrianasolo L, Baril L, Mattern C, Ratovoson R, Guis H. Mixed methods to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards rabies in central and remote communities of Moramanga district, Madagascar. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024 Mar;18(3):e0012064.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012064pubmed: 38551968google scholar: lookup
  11. Tenzin T, Hikufe EH, Hedimbi N, Athingo R, Shikongo MB, Shuro T, Iipinge J, Herman N, Naunyango M, Haufiku F, Peter J, Hango L, Gottlieb S, Shoombe K, Denzin N, Busch F, Lohr F, Letshwenyo M, Torres G, Freuling CM, Müller T, Shilongo A. Dog ecology and rabies knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024 Feb;18(2):e0011631.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011631pubmed: 38315727google scholar: lookup
  12. Woldegeorgis BZ, Genebo AP, Gebrekidan AY, Kassie GA, Azeze GA, Asgedom YS. Knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices related to dog-mediated rabies in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies from inception to 2023. Front Public Health 2023;11:1276859.
    doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276859pubmed: 38179558google scholar: lookup
  13. Nasiry Z, Mazlan M, Noordin MM, Mohd Lila MA. Evaluation of Dynamics, Demography and Estimation of Free-Roaming Dog Population in Herat City, Afghanistan. Animals (Basel) 2023 Mar 23;13(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13071126pubmed: 37048382google scholar: lookup
  14. Dhakal A, Ghimire RP, Regmi S, Kaphle K. Households' Practices towards Rabies Prevention and Control in Rural Nepal. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023 Apr 6;20(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ijerph20075427pubmed: 37048041google scholar: lookup
  15. Bharani K, Ramachandran K, Kommisetty V, Baalann KP. Knowledge of rabies among rural community in Chengalpet district, India. Bioinformation 2022;18(3):155-159.
    doi: 10.6026/97320630018155pubmed: 36518126google scholar: lookup
  16. Lungten L, Tenzin T, Rinchen S, Chedup K, Wangchuk S, Phimpraphai W, de Garine-Wichatitsky M. Assessment of the rabies education among middle secondary school students of southeastern Bhutan. PLoS One 2022;17(12):e0276862.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276862pubmed: 36508465google scholar: lookup
  17. Bahiru A, Molla W, Yizengaw L, Mekonnen SA, Jemberu WT. Knowledge, attitude and practice related to rabies among residents of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022 Nov;8(11):e11366.
    doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11366pubmed: 36387566google scholar: lookup
  18. Laorujisawat M, Wattanaburanon A, Abdullakasim P, Maharachpong N. Rabies-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Primary School Students in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Inquiry 2022 Jan-Dec;59:469580221087881.
    doi: 10.1177/00469580221087881pubmed: 35410522google scholar: lookup
  19. Mapatse M, Sabeta C, Fafetine J, Abernethy D. Knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) and control of rabies among community households and health practitioners at the human-wildlife interface in Limpopo National Park, Massingir District, Mozambique. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 Mar;16(3):e0010202.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010202pubmed: 35255083google scholar: lookup
  20. Tamiru Y, Abdeta D, Amante M. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Pet Contact Associated Zoonosis in Western Ethiopia. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022;13:47-58.
    doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S346806pubmed: 35141138google scholar: lookup
  21. Rehman S, Rantam FA, Rehman A, Effendi MH, Shehzad A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward rabies in three provinces of Indonesia. Vet World 2021 Sep;14(9):2518-2526.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2518-2526pubmed: 34840473google scholar: lookup
  22. Rana MS, Jahan AA, Kaisar SMG, Siddiqi UR, Sarker S, Begum MIA, Ghosh S, Sarker S, Ahmed BN, Shamsuzzaman AKM. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about rabies among the people in the community, healthcare professionals and veterinary practitioners in Bangladesh. One Health 2021 Dec;13:100308.
    doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100308pubmed: 34458544google scholar: lookup
  23. Yong TSM, Panting AJ, Juatan N, Perialathan K, Ahmad M, Ahmad Sanusi NH, Hassan L, Jahis R, Shamsudin N, Yap SL, Norshamsul NI, Pisol M, Johari MZ. Development and validation of a cognitive, affective and behaviour questionnaire on pet-associated zoonotic diseases (CAB-ZDQ). Vet Med Sci 2021 Sep;7(5):1558-1563.
    doi: 10.1002/vms3.547pubmed: 34137200google scholar: lookup
  24. Alebie A, Tewachew T. Household Practice Related to Zoonotic Diseases Transmission in Rural Community of Gondar Zuria District. Vet Med (Auckl) 2021;12:109-115.
    doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S306941pubmed: 34104631google scholar: lookup
  25. Bonaparte SC, Adams L, Bakamutumaho B, Barbosa Costa G, Cleaton JM, Gilbert AT, Osinubi M, Pieracci EG, Recuenco S, Tugumizemu V, Wamala J, Wallace RM. Rabies post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors and perceptions: Results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Uganda, 2013. PLoS One 2021;16(6):e0251702.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251702pubmed: 34077427google scholar: lookup
  26. Li D, Liu Q, Chen F, Jiang Q, Wang T, Yin X, Lu Z, Cao S. Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding to rabies and its prevention and control among bite victims by suspected rabid animals in China. One Health 2021 Dec;13:100264.
    doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100264pubmed: 34036144google scholar: lookup
  27. Lungten L, Rinchen S, Tenzin T, Phimpraphai W, de Garine-Wichatitsky M. Knowledge and Perception of Rabies among School Children in Rabies Endemic Areas of South Bhutan. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021 Mar 2;6(1).
    doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6010028pubmed: 33801388google scholar: lookup
  28. Rana MS, Siddiqi UR, Ghosh S, Jahan AA, Islam MK, Ali Shah MR, Ullah SM, Ali SME, Ahmed BN, Shamsuzzaman AKM. Epidemiological study of human rabies cases in Bangladesh through verbal autopsy. Heliyon 2020 Nov;6(11):e05521.
    doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05521pubmed: 33251369google scholar: lookup
  29. Ahmed T, Hussain S, Zia UU, Rinchen S, Yasir A, Ahmed S, Khan WA, Tahir MF, Ricketson R. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey of canine rabies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab Province of Pakistan. BMC Public Health 2020 Aug 26;20(1):1293.
    doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09388-9pubmed: 32847503google scholar: lookup
  30. Castillo-Neyra R, Buttenheim AM, Brown J, Ferrara JF, Arevalo-Nieto C, Borrini-Mayorí K, Levy MZ, Becerra V, Paz-Soldan VA. Behavioral and structural barriers to accessing human post-exposure prophylaxis and other preventive practices in Arequipa, Peru, during a canine rabies epidemic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 Jul;14(7):e0008478.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008478pubmed: 32692739google scholar: lookup
  31. Bouaddi K, Bitar A, Bouslikhane M, Ferssiwi A, Fitani A, Mshelbwala PP. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Rabies in El Jadida Region, Morocco. Vet Sci 2020 Mar 1;7(1).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci7010029pubmed: 32121594google scholar: lookup
  32. Bihon A, Meresa D, Tesfaw A. Rabies: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in and Around South Gondar, North West Ethiopia. Diseases 2020 Feb 24;8(1).
    doi: 10.3390/diseases8010005pubmed: 32102458google scholar: lookup
  33. Hagos WG, Muchie KF, Gebru GG, Mezgebe GG, Reda KA, Dachew BA. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards rabies and associated factors among household heads in Mekelle city, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2020 Jan 14;20(1):57.
    doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8145-7pubmed: 31937297google scholar: lookup
  34. Mbilo C, Kabongo JB, Pyana PP, Nlonda L, Nzita RW, Luntadila B, Badibanga B, Hattendorf J, Zinsstag J. Dog Ecology, Bite Incidence, and Disease Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Survey among a Rabies-Affected Community in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Vaccines (Basel) 2019 Aug 26;7(3).
    doi: 10.3390/vaccines7030098pubmed: 31454908google scholar: lookup
  35. San Jose R, Magsino PJ, Bundalian R Jr. Pet owners' awareness on RA 9482 (Anti-Rabies Act of 2007) in Magalang, Pampanga Philippines. Heliyon 2019 May;5(5):e01759.
    doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01759pubmed: 31193450google scholar: lookup
  36. Glasgow L, Worme A, Keku E, Forde M. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding rabies in Grenada. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 Jan;13(1):e0007079.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007079pubmed: 30695024google scholar: lookup
  37. Barroga TRM, Basitan IS, Lobete TM, Bernales RP, Gordoncillo MJN, Lopez EL, Abila RC. Community Awareness on Rabies Prevention and Control in Bicol, Philippines: Pre- and Post-Project Implementation. Trop Med Infect Dis 2018 Feb 1;3(1).
    doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed3010016pubmed: 30274414google scholar: lookup
  38. Burdon Bailey JL, Gamble L, Gibson AD, Bronsvoort BMD, Handel IG, Mellanby RJ, Mazeri S. A rabies lesson improves rabies knowledge amongst primary school children in Zomba, Malawi. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Mar;12(3):e0006293.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006293pubmed: 29522517google scholar: lookup
  39. Hasanov E, Zeynalova S, Geleishvili M, Maes E, Tongren E, Marshall E, Banyard A, McElhinney LM, Whatmore AM, Fooks AR, Horton DL. Assessing the impact of public education on a preventable zoonotic disease: rabies. Epidemiol Infect 2018 Jan;146(2):227-235.
    doi: 10.1017/S0950268817002850pubmed: 29271331google scholar: lookup
  40. Teklu GG, Hailu TG, Eshetu GR. High Incidence of Human Rabies Exposure in Northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia: A Four-Year Retrospective Study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017 Jan;11(1):e0005271.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005271pubmed: 28060935google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,383 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.