Laparoscopic anatomy of the equine abdomen.
Abstract: Laparoscopy was performed on 6 horses (2 mares, 2 geldings, 2 stallions) to determine the normal laparoscopic anatomy of the equine abdomen. After withholding feed for 36 hours, horses were examined from the left and right paralumbar fossae, and the visceral anatomic structures were recorded by videotape and photography. One mare developed emphysema located subcutaneously at the primary laparoscopic portal; otherwise, there were no complications. The anatomic structures of diagnostic importance that were observed in the left half of the abdomen were the hepatic duct; left lateral and quadrate lobes of the liver; stomach; spleen; left kidney with the associated nephrosplenic ligament; segments of jejunum, descending colon, and ascending colon; left side of the male and female reproductive tracts; urinary bladder; vaginal ring; and mesorchium. Important structures observed in the right side of the abdomen were portions of the common hepatic duct; left lateral, quadrate, and right lobes of the liver; caudate process of the liver; stomach; duodenum; right dorsal colon, epiploic foramen; omental bursa; right kidney; base of the cecum; segments of jejunum, descending colon, and ascending colon; urinary bladder; right half of the male and female reproductive tracts; and rectum.
Publication Date: 1995-04-01 PubMed ID: 7785833
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study outlines the laparoscopic anatomy of the equine (horse) abdomen. Using laparoscopy, researchers examined the internal structures of six horses and documented their findings, with the objective to establish a basis of normal equine abdominal anatomy.
Methodology
- The study carried out the laparoscopic procedure on six horses which included two mares (females), two geldings (castrated males), and two stallions (males).
- They withheld feed from the horses for a period of 36 hours before the surgery, which is a standard procedure to empty the digestive tract and reduce the risk of complications during the surgery.
- Each horse was examined from both the left and right paralumbar fossae (the hollow region on either side of the horse’s backbone) using laparoscopy, a surgical procedure in which a fiber-optic instrument is inserted through the abdominal wall to view the internal organs in the abdomen.
- The researchers noted the structure and appearance of various internal organs, recording their observations through videotape and photography.
Findings
- One mare developed a minor complication – subcutaneous emphysema (presence of air or gas beneath the skin) at the primary laparoscopic portal (the initial point of entry for the laparoscope), but there were no other complications reported.
- The researchers were able to observe a range of different internal anatomic structures from both sides of the horse’s abdomen.
- On the left half of the abdomen, vital structures observed included the hepatic duct, lobes of the liver, stomach, spleen, left kidney and associated ligaments, segments of the intestines, parts of the reproductive tracts, urinary bladder, vaginal ring, and mesorchium (a part of the spermatic cord).
- The right side of the abdomen revealed portions of the liver, stomach, duodenum, right dorsal colon, epiploic foramen, right kidney, base of the cecum, urinary bladder, sections of the intestines, and parts of the reproductive tracts, and rectum.
Significance
- The aim of this study was to establish a normal representation of the equine abdominal anatomy using laparoscopy. This could be used as a reference for future veterinarian surgeries.
- The collected data could also help in identifying abnormalities or detecting diseases during laparoscopic examination of horses, which could potentially enhance diagnostic procedures and treatment plans.
Cite This Article
APA
Galuppo LD, Snyder JR, Pascoe JR.
(1995).
Laparoscopic anatomy of the equine abdomen.
Am J Vet Res, 56(4), 518-531.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Abdomen / anatomy & histology
- Animals
- Female
- Horses / anatomy & histology
- Laparoscopy / veterinary
- Male
- Orchiectomy
- Videotape Recording
- Viscera / anatomy & histology
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Pye J, Galuppo L, Whitcomb MB, Clothier K, Byrne B. Isolation of Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus from an abdominal abscess in an adult mare. Can Vet J 2020 Dec;61(12):1307-1311.
- Alonso Jde M, Rodrigues KA, Yamada AL, Watanabe MJ, Alves AL, Rodrigues CA, Hussni CA. Peritoneal reactivity evaluation in horses subjected to experimental small colon enterotomy and treated with subcutaneous heparin. Vet Med Int 2014;2014:385392.
- Kim MC, Lee SW, Ryu DY, Cui FJ, Bhak J, Kim Y. Identification and characterization of microRNAs in normal equine tissues by Next Generation Sequencing. PLoS One 2014;9(4):e93662.
- Hendrickson DA. A review of equine laparoscopy. ISRN Vet Sci 2012;2012:492650.
- Chiesa OA, Cullison R, Anderson DE, Moulton K, Galuppo LD, von Bredow J. Development of a technique for serial bilateral renal biopsy in steers. Can J Vet Res 2006 Apr;70(2):87-93.
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