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Larval cyathostomiasis.
Abstract: Over the past few years, cyathostomiasis has become increasingly recognized as a clinical problem of horses in the United States. Clinical cyathostomiasis has been reported frequently in Europe for a considerable time. This clinical syndrome is usually related to the sudden release of large numbers of the larval stages of small strongyles from the mucosa of the large intestine. Typical clinical signs include diarrhea, ventral abdominal edema, pyrexia, colic, weight loss, and poor body condition. Hypoalbuminemia and the presence of large numbers of small strongyles being passed in the feces are also characteristic features of the disease. The disease may occur seasonally in late winter and early spring or after drug treatment to remove the luminal stages of small strongyles. Two commercially available drugs, moxidectin and fenbendazole, have been shown to be effective against the encysted larval stages of the parasites. Drug resistance of small strongyles to all classes of currently available antiparasitic compounds except the macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin and moxidectin) is a limiting factor in controlling these parasites and may result in an increased prevalence of clinical cyathostomiasis over time.
Publication Date: 2001-02-24 PubMed ID: 11219346DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30092-5Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
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Summary
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The research reveals that cyathostomiasis, a parasitic infection in horses due to the release of large numbers of small strongyles larvae from the intestine, is increasingly becoming a clinical problem. Currently, the drugs moxidectin and fenbendazole are effective against the parasite stages, though drug resistance may increase the prevalence of the disease.
Overview of Cyathostomiasis in Horses
- The study focuses on cyathostomiasis, a condition in horses resulting from the sudden release of large numbers of the larval stages of small strongyles from the mucosa of the large intestine.
- Previously more common in Europe, the condition is now acknowledged as a growing clinical problem in US horses.
- The disease manifests through noticeable clinical signs such as diarrhea, abdominal edema, fever, colic, weight loss, and poor body condition. Hypoalbuminemia and the presence of large numbers of small strongyles found in the horses’ feces are also characteristic features of the disease.
Disease Occurrence and Treatment
- The disease often seems to occur seasonally, particularly in late winter and early spring, or after drug treatment to remove the luminal stages of small strongyles.
- Two commercial drugs, moxidectin and fenbendazole, have been found to be effective against the encysted larval stages of these parasites.
Drug Resistance as a Limiting Factor
- One of the significant challenges outlined in this study is drug resistance in small strongyles. This resistance applies to all currently available antiparasitic compounds, with the exception of macrocyclic lactones, which include ivermectin and moxidectin.
- Drug resistance presents a limiting factor in controlling these parasites and may result in increased prevalence of clinical cyathostomiasis over time.
Cite This Article
APA
Lyons ET, Drudge JH, Tolliver SC.
(2001).
Larval cyathostomiasis.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 16(3), 501-513.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30092-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antiparasitic Agents / therapeutic use
- Disease Outbreaks / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / diagnosis
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / epidemiology
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / parasitology
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / therapy
- Strongylus / growth & development
Citations
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