[‘Laryngeal neuropathy’ and ‘irritable larynx syndrome’: synonyms or distinct entities?].

The paper evaluates the usage and definitions of ‘laryngeal neuropathy’ (LN) and ‘irritable larynx syndrome’ (ILS), two terms used to describe certain laryngeal conditions in animals and humans. It concludes that both terms are currently poorly defined and not universally applicable, and suggests alternative terminology to better describe these conditions.

Approach of the Study

• The research is a systematic review of existing literature relating to the terms ‘laryngeal neuropathy’ and ‘irritable larynx syndrome’. Using PubMed as a resource, the authors found 35 articles reporting on LN in animals and 17 on humans, 4 of which used the term ‘irritable larynx syndrome’.

Findings on Laryngeal Neuropathy

• Laryngeal neuropathy (LN) was first used in veterinary medicine, referring to an idiopathic, exercise-induced inspiratory noise in horses. This typically affects the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, leading to decreased vocal cord abduction and causing an inspiratory roaring or whistling noise during exercise. The term has also been used to describe similar conditions in dogs, where LN can occur bilaterally.
• However, in human medicine, the concept of LN is not clearly defined and lacks clarity in the existing literature.

Observations on Irritable Larynx Syndrome

• ‘Irritable larynx syndrome’ (ILS) is a term used only in relation to humans. It aims to describe a hypersensitivity of the laryngeal structures to external stimuli, potentially leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath (dyspnea) or coughing.
• Similar to LN, the literature is not sufficient for a standard definition or understanding of ILS.

Conclusions and Recommendations

• The authors argue that due to the current lack of a clear and universally accepted definition, the term ‘laryngeal neuropathy’ should not be used in human medicine for symptoms of unknown origin.
• Instead, the authors suggest the term ‘laryngeal movement disorder’, as this seems more appropriate because it objectively describes the disorder rather than implying a specific cause.
• In terms of ILS, the term is considered suitable for describing laryngeal hypersensitivity due to its symptom-oriented nature. However, the need for more precise understanding and definition is still required.