Long-term outcome of horses with a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone treated conservatively: 25 cases (1976-1993).

The study provides insights into the long-term outcomes of horses that suffer from a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone, emphasizing on those which were treated conservatively (without surgery), predominantly through enforced rest. It concludes that enforced rest can effectively aid in the recovery of horses, even those performing athletic functions, with these specific fractures.

Research Methodology

• The researchers conducted a retrospective study spanning over a period from 1976 to 1993, focusing on 25 horses (14 Standardbreds, 6 Thoroughbreds, and 5 Quarter Horses) that had a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone.
• Only those horses were included in the study which were treated exclusively with enforced rest in a stall, ruling out any surgical interventions.
• These medical records were meticulously scrutinized, documenting clinical features and noting radiographic findings for each horse included in the study.
• The research team primarily relied on obtaining official lifetime race results to determine the outcome for racing breeds. In the case of Quarter Horses, a telephonic survey of their owners was utilized to measure outcomes.

Research Findings

• Out of the total horses studied, 64% (16 out of 25) had a successful recovery.
• Breaking down to the breed level, 71% of Standardbreds and 33% of Thoroughbreds were able to return to racing, having participated in at least 5 races after their injury.
• Follow-up information showed that 4 out of the 5 Quarter Horses successfully returned to their prior activity, suggesting a recovery rate of 80% within this breed.
• The study found no relevant correlation between successful outcomes and the horse’s variables such as sex, age, which limb was affected, or gait.
• However, it was noted that the success rate was significantly lower for racehorses with central tarsal bone fractures, with only 2 out of 7 having a successful recovery. By contrast, a higher success rate (10 out of 13) was recorded for horses having third tarsal bone fractures.

Conclusion

Based on the outcomes observed in the study, researchers concluded that non-surgical treatment – enforced rest, specifically, could be an effective therapeutic option for horses with slab fractures of either the central or the third tarsal bone. This outcome holds true even if the horses are expected to return to athletic activities.