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Veterinary ophthalmology2019; 23(1); 129-134; doi: 10.1111/vop.12697

Magnetic resonance dacryocystography in the horse: A feasibility study.

Abstract: To provide a comprehensive anatomical description of the normal equine nasolacrimal duct using magnetic resonance imaging, and to develop a practical protocol for performing magnetic resonance dacryocystography (MRD) in horses. Methods: The heads of ten fresh horse cadavers with no history of sinonasal or ophthalmologic disorders were used for this study. Methods: An MRD technique was developed in this study, which consisted of two parts. In the first part, olive oil and gadolinium were compared as contrast medium, using five horses. Two concentrations of gadolinium were used: 0.25 mmol/mL and 0.5 mmol/mL. In the second part, the influence of different head recumbencies using olive oil as the sole contrast medium was studied in the remaining five horses. Results: Injection with olive oil resulted in better distention and a complete filling of the nasolacrimal duct (ND) in all horses. Injection of 0.25 mmol/mL of gadolinium resulted in incomplete filling of the ND, whereas injection of 0.5 mmol/mL of gadolinium resulted in slightly better filling of the duct. The nondependent duct showed better distention compared to the dependent duct when scanning in lateral recumbency. No differences were observed between ducts in a dorsal recumbency. The degree of distention in dorsal recumbency was slightly less than the degree of distention observed in the nondependent ND in lateral recumbency. Conclusions: Magnetic resonance dacryocystography is a suitable technique for evaluating the nasolacrimal duct and can be performed during a normal magnetic resonance examination.
© 2019 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
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Publication Date: 2019-07-15 PubMed ID: 31309693DOI: 10.1111/vop.12697Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study explores the successful use of magnetic resonance dacryocystography (MRD), a radiographic imaging technique, to provide detailed anatomical depiction of a horse’s nasolacrimal duct, a tube that carries tears from the eye to the nose. Various contrast mediums and head positions were tested to develop an effective protocol for performing this procedure on horses.

Study Procedure (Methods):

The authors of the study used the heads of ten dead horses that didn’t have any history of disorders related to the sinus, nose or eyes. Their objective was to devise an efficient method of performing magnetic resonance dacryocystography (MRD) in horses. The experiment consisted of two parts:

  • In the first part, the researchers compared olive oil and gadolinium as contrast mediums. For this stage of the experiment, they utilized five horse heads. They tested two different concentrations of gadolinium – 0.25 mmol/mL and 0.5 mmol/mL.
  • In the second segment, the other five horse heads were used to investigate how different head placements would affect the results, using only olive oil as a contrast medium.

Research Findings (Results):

Findings from the experiment can be summarized as follows:

  • Olive oil proved superior to gadolinium in creating a full and better distended nasolacrimal duct (ND) image in all horse heads tested.
  • Using a lower concentration of gadolinium (0.25 mmol/mL) often resulted in an incomplete image of the ND.
  • Increasing the concentration of gadolinium to 0.5 mmol/mL resulted in slightly better, but not complete, filling of the duct.
  • When scanned in a lateral recumbent (lying down sideways) position, the nondependent (upper) duct showed better distention than the dependent (lower) duct.
  • There were no observed differences in duct distention when scanned in a dorsal recumbency (lying on the back) position, although the degree of distention wasn’t as much as that of the nondependent duct in lateral recumbency.

Conclusion and Implications:

The study found that magnetic resonance dacryocystography is a valid and practical technique for visualizing the nasolacrimal duct in horses. MRD can easily be included in a regular MRI examination. Olive oil use as a contrast medium, combined with specific head positioning, can comfortably enhance the quality of these images, enabling more detailed examinations of the ND. Such development can potentially aid in the diagnosis and treatment of equine ocular and sinonasal diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Manso-Díaz G, García-López JM, López-Sanromán J, Taeymans O. (2019). Magnetic resonance dacryocystography in the horse: A feasibility study. Vet Ophthalmol, 23(1), 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.12697

Publication

Veterinary ophthalmology
ISSN: 1463-5224
NlmUniqueID: 100887377
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Pages: 129-134

Researcher Affiliations

Manso-Díaz, Gabriel
  • Hospital Clínico Veterinario Complutense, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
García-López, José M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.
López-Sanromán, Javier
  • Hospital Clínico Veterinario Complutense, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Taeymans, Olivier
  • Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, UK.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cadaver
  • Contrast Media / pharmacology
  • Gadolinium / pharmacology
  • Horses
  • Lacrimal Apparatus / diagnostic imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / veterinary
  • Nasolacrimal Duct / diagnostic imaging
  • Olive Oil / pharmacology

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Stieger-Vanegas SM, Hanna AL. The Role of Computed Tomography in Imaging Non-neurologic Disorders of the Head in Equine Patients. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:798216.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.798216pubmed: 35321060google scholar: lookup
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