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BMC genomics2022; 23(1); 443; doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08593-7

Maternal age affects equine day 8 embryo gene expression both in trophoblast and inner cell mass.

Abstract: Breeding a mare until she is not fertile or even until her death is common in equine industry but the fertility decreases as the mare age increases. Embryo loss due to reduced embryo quality is partly accountable for this observation. Here, the effect of mare's age on blastocysts' gene expression was explored. Day 8 post-ovulation embryos were collected from multiparous young (YM, 6-year-old, N = 5) and older (OM, > 10-year-old, N = 6) non-nursing Saddlebred mares, inseminated with the semen of one stallion. Pure or inner cell mass (ICM) enriched trophoblast, obtained by embryo bisection, were RNA sequenced. Deconvolution algorithm was used to discriminate gene expression in the ICM from that in the trophoblast. Differential expression was analyzed with embryo sex and diameter as cofactors. Functional annotation and classification of differentially expressed genes and gene set enrichment analysis were also performed. Results: Maternal aging did not affect embryo recovery rate, embryo diameter nor total RNA quantity. In both compartments, the expression of genes involved in mitochondria and protein metabolism were disturbed by maternal age, although more genes were affected in the ICM. Mitosis, signaling and adhesion pathways and embryo development were decreased in the ICM of embryos from old mares. In trophoblast, ion movement pathways were affected. Conclusions: This is the first study showing that maternal age affects gene expression in the equine blastocyst, demonstrating significant effects as early as 10 years of age. These perturbations may affect further embryo development and contribute to decreased fertility due to aging.
© 2022. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2022-06-15 PubMed ID: 35705916PubMed Central: PMC9199136DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08593-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how a mother horse’s age can affect the gene expression in day-8 embryos, reflecting on the trophoblast and inner cell mass (ICM). The findings illustrate how motherly age can disrupt the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial and protein metabolism, particularly impacting the ICM. This possibly contributes to a decline in fertility as the mother’s age increases.

Research Objective

  • The main goal of this study was to examine the effect of a mare’s (mother horse’s) age on the gene expression of blastocysts (a pre-implantation embryo), specifically focusing on day-8 post-ovulation embryos. This was motivated by the observation that a mare’s fertility decreases as her age increases, partly due to embryo loss from reduced embryo quality.

Experimental Process

  • The research team took embryos from multiparous young and older non-nursing Saddlebred mares who had been inseminated with the semen of one stallion.
  • The embryos were dissected to obtain the trophoblast (outer layer of a blastocyst) and the inner cell mass (ICM), which were then subjected to RNA sequencing.
  • The researchers used a deconvolution algorithm to distinguish gene expression between the ICM and the trophoblast. This was combined with an analysis of differential expression, considering embryo sex and diameter as cofactors.
  • The study also conducted functional annotation, classification of differentially expressed genes and a gene set enrichment analysis.

Key Findings

  • Results indicated that maternal aging did not impact the rate of embryo recovery, embryo diameter, or total RNA quantity.
  • Despite this, researching found that a mare’s age did disturb the expression of genes associated with mitochondrial and protein metabolism, noting a more substantial effect in the ICM.
  • In the ICM of embryos from older mares, there was a decrease in mitosis, signaling and adhesion pathways, and embryo development
  • In the trophoblast, ion movement pathways were affected by maternal age.

Conclusion

  • This study offers pioneering evidence that a mare’s age affects gene expression in equine blastocysts, with significant changes observable by the age of 10 years. The research suggests that these disruptions may hinder further embryo development and contribute to the decreased fertility observed in older mares.

Cite This Article

APA
Derisoud E, Jouneau L, Dubois C, Archilla C, Jaszczyszyn Y, Legendre R, Daniel N, Peynot N, Dahirel M, Auclair-Ronzaud J, Wimel L, Duranthon V, Chavatte-Palmer P. (2022). Maternal age affects equine day 8 embryo gene expression both in trophoblast and inner cell mass. BMC Genomics, 23(1), 443. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08593-7

Publication

BMC genomics
ISSN: 1471-2164
NlmUniqueID: 100965258
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Pages: 443
PII: 443

Researcher Affiliations

Derisoud, Emilie
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. emilie.derisoud@gmail.com.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France. emilie.derisoud@gmail.com.
Jouneau, Luc
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Dubois, Cédric
  • IFCE, Plateau technique de Chamberet, 19370, Chamberet, France.
Archilla, Catherine
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Jaszczyszyn, Yan
  • Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), UMR 9198 CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Legendre, Rachel
  • Institut Pasteur-Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub-Department of Computational Biology, Paris, France.
Daniel, Nathalie
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Peynot, Nathalie
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Dahirel, Michèle
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Auclair-Ronzaud, Juliette
  • IFCE, Plateau technique de Chamberet, 19370, Chamberet, France.
Wimel, Laurence
  • IFCE, Plateau technique de Chamberet, 19370, Chamberet, France.
Duranthon, Véronique
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale
  • Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. pascale.chavatte-palmer@inrae.fr.
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France. pascale.chavatte-palmer@inrae.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blastocyst
  • Female
  • Gene Expression
  • Horses / genetics
  • Male
  • Maternal Age
  • Plant Breeding
  • RNA
  • Trophoblasts

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
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