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International journal of molecular sciences2020; 21(2); 419; doi: 10.3390/ijms21020419

Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in the Horse: Are MicroRNAs the Secret Messengers?

Abstract: The signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) has still not been identified in the horse. High-throughput molecular biology at the embryo-maternal interface has substantially contributed to the knowledge on pathways affected during MRP, but an integrated study in which proteomics, transcriptomics and miRNA expression can be linked directly is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to provide such analysis. Endometrial biopsies, uterine fluid, embryonic tissues, and yolk sac fluid were collected 13 days after ovulation during pregnant and control cycles from the same mares. Micro-RNA-Sequencing was performed on all collected samples, mRNA-Sequencing on the same tissue samples and mass spectrometry was conducted previously on the same fluid samples. Differential expression of miRNA, mRNA and proteins showed high conformity with literature and confirmed involvement in pregnancy establishment, embryo quality, steroid synthesis and prostaglandin regulation, but the link between differential miRNAs and their targets was limited and did not indicate the identity of an unequivocal signal for MRP in the horse. Differential expression at the embryo-maternal interface was prominent, highlighting a potential role of miRNAs in embryo-maternal communication during early pregnancy in the horse. These data provide a strong basis for future targeted studies.
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Publication Date: 2020-01-09 PubMed ID: 31936511PubMed Central: PMC7014256DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020419Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research aims to improve our understanding of how a mare’s body detects and reacts to pregnancy by analyzing three different kinds of biological data: miRNA, mRNA, and proteins. Despite detailed analysis, the study did not identify a clear signal for pregnancy recognition in horses, but it did suggest a potential role for miRNA in early pregnancy communication between the embryo and the mother.

Research Objectives and Methods

  • The main goal of this research was to gain integrated insights into the process of Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy (MRP) in horses, which remains poorly understood. The researchers sought to link proteomics (the large-scale study of proteins), transcriptomics (the study of the complete set of RNA transcripts), and miRNA (microRNA) expression for a more comprehensive understanding.
  • Four types of samples were used for this study: endometrial biopsies, uterine fluid, embryonic tissues, and yolk sac fluid. All samples were collected 13 days after ovulation, and comparisons were made between pregnant and non-pregnant control cycles in the same mares.
  • Micro-RNA-Sequencing was done on all samples, mRNA-Sequencing on the tissue samples, and a previous mass spectrometry was used for the fluid samples. This allowed the researchers to compare expression levels of miRNA, mRNA, and proteins in both pregnant and non-pregnant states.

Findings of the Study

  • Despite the integrated study approach, the researchers were unable to identify an unequivocal signal for MRP in horses. However, the differential expression of miRNA, mRNA and proteins largely matched previous research and reaffirmed their role in establishing pregnancy, determining embryo quality, and regulating the synthesis of steroids and prostaglandins.
  • The role of miRNAs in the communication between the embryo and the mother was indicated by the prominent differential expression at the embryo-maternal interface. Despite this, the study found limited links between differentially expressed miRNAs and their corresponding target molecules.
  • Although the study did not answer all questions about MRP in horses, its findings lay a solid foundation for future targeted studies. It underscored the importance of continued research into this area to bridge existing knowledge gaps and further advance our understanding of pregnancy recognition in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Smits K, Gansemans Y, Tilleman L, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Van De Velde M, Gerits I, Ververs C, Roels K, Govaere J, Peelman L, Deforce D, Van Soom A. (2020). Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in the Horse: Are MicroRNAs the Secret Messengers? Int J Mol Sci, 21(2), 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020419

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 21
Issue: 2
PII: 419

Researcher Affiliations

Smits, Katrien
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Gansemans, Yannick
  • Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Tilleman, Laurentijn
  • Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip
  • Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Van De Velde, Margot
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Gerits, Ilse
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Ververs, Cyrillus
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Roels, Kim
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Govaere, Jan
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Peelman, Luc
  • Animal Genetics Lab, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Deforce, Dieter
  • Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Van Soom, Ann
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Embryo, Mammalian / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Gene Ontology
  • Horses / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Pregnancy
  • Proteins / genetics
  • Proteins / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism

Grant Funding

  • 3E00851 / Special Research Fund Flanders

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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