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American journal of veterinary research1999; 60(3); 306-309;

Measurement of synovial fluid and serum concentrations of the 846 epitope of chondroitin sulfate and of carboxy propeptides of type II procollagen for diagnosis of osteochondral fragmentation in horses.

Abstract: To determine whether serum or synovial fluid concentrations of chondroitin sulfate epitope 846 and carboxy propeptides of type II collagen (CPII) can be used to diagnose osteochondral fragmentation (OC) in horses. Methods: 38 horses with unilateral OC of the radiocarpal (n = 31) or intercarpal (33) joints and 8 clinically and radiographically normal horses. Procedures-For horses with OC, serum and synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846, CPII, and keratan sulfate (KS) were determined, along with synovial fluid WBC counts and total protein concentrations. Serum epitope 846, CPII, and KS concentrations were measured in control horses. Results: Synovial fluid epitope 846 and total protein concentrations were significantly higher in the joints with OC than in unaffected joints, but CPII and KS concentrations and WBC counts were not. Synovial fluid total protein and 846 epitope concentrations were linearly related to grade of OC. Serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations were significantly higher in horses with OC than in control horses. Discriminant analysis allowed 27 of 34 (79%) horses to be correctly classified as having or not having OC on the basis of serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations. Conclusions: Results suggest that serum and synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII are associated with OC. Increases in concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII suggest that increased synthesis of cartilage aggrecan and type II procollagen may be associated with OC. Conclusions: Measurement of serum epitope 846 and CPII concentrations may be useful in the diagnosis of OC in horses.
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Publication Date: 1999-04-03 PubMed ID: 10188811
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

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The research article describes an investigation into whether specific biomarkers in the serum or synovial fluid of horses can be used to diagnose osteochondral fragmentation (OC), a common joint condition in these animals. The study suggests that increased concentrations of the chondroitin sulfate epitope 846 and carboxy propeptides of type II collagen (CPII) may be indicative of OC, potentially serving as diagnostic markers for this condition.

Overview of Study

  • The study involved 38 horses with documented osteochondral fragmentation (OC) in either the radiocarpal or intercarpal joints, and 8 control horses that showed no clinical or radiographic signs of OC.
  • For horses with OC, the researchers measured the serum and synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846, CPII, and keratan sulfate (KS), in addition to synovial fluid white blood cell (WBC) counts and total protein concentrations. In the control group, only the serum concentrations of epitope 846, CPII, and KS were measured.

Key Findings

  • The synovial fluid concentrations of epitope 846 and total protein were significantly higher in joints affected by OC compared to unaffected joints. However, the study found no significant differences in the concentrations of CPII, KS, or WBC count in the synovial fluid.
  • There was a direct linear relationship observed between the concentration of epitope 846 and the total protein in the synovial fluid to the severity of OC.
  • Concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII in the serum were significantly higher in horses with OC compared to the control horses.
  • Through discriminant analysis, 79% of the horses could be accurately classified having or not having OC, based on the serum concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The findings suggest an association between increased concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII in both serum and synovial fluid with OC, indicating the possibility that these increases could serve as useful diagnostic biomarkers for the condition.
  • The elevated levels of epitope 846 and CPII imply there could be an increased synthesis of cartilage aggrecan and type II procollagen during OC.
  • Overall, the study concludes that measuring serum concentrations of epitope 846 and CPII could be a practical method for diagnosing OC in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Frisbie DD, Ray CS, Ionescu M, Poole AR, Chapman PL, McIlwraith CW. (1999). Measurement of synovial fluid and serum concentrations of the 846 epitope of chondroitin sulfate and of carboxy propeptides of type II procollagen for diagnosis of osteochondral fragmentation in horses. Am J Vet Res, 60(3), 306-309.

Publication

American journal of veterinary research
ISSN: 0002-9645
NlmUniqueID: 0375011
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 3
Pages: 306-309

Researcher Affiliations

Frisbie, D D
  • Equine Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80524, USA.
Ray, C S
    Ionescu, M
      Poole, A R
        Chapman, P L
          McIlwraith, C W

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Biomarkers / analysis
            • Chondroitin Sulfates / analysis
            • Chondroitin Sulfates / blood
            • Epitopes / analysis
            • Epitopes / blood
            • Fractures, Bone / veterinary
            • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
            • Horses
            • Lameness, Animal / diagnosis
            • Procollagen / analysis
            • Procollagen / blood
            • Synovial Fluid / chemistry

            Citations

            This article has been cited 11 times.
            1. Panizzi L, Dittmer KE, Vignes M, Doucet JS, Gedye K, Waterland MR, Rogers CW, Sano H, McIlwraith CW, Riley CB. Plasma and Synovial Fluid Cell-Free DNA Concentrations Following Induction of Osteoarthritis in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023 Mar 14;13(6).
              doi: 10.3390/ani13061053pubmed: 36978592google scholar: lookup
            2. Panizzi L, Vignes M, Dittmer KE, Waterland MR, Rogers CW, Sano H, McIlwraith CW, Pemberton S, Owen M, Riley CB. Infrared spectroscopy of serum fails to identify early biomarker changes in an equine model of traumatic osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil Open 2022 Dec;4(4):100297.
              doi: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100297pubmed: 36474792google scholar: lookup
            3. Alpoim-Moreira J, Fernandes C, Rebordão MR, Costa AL, Bliebernicht M, Nunes T, Szóstek-Mioduchowska A, Skarzynski DJ, Ferreira-Dias G. Collagen Type III as a Possible Blood Biomarker of Fibrosis in Equine Endometrium. Animals (Basel) 2022 Jul 21;12(14).
              doi: 10.3390/ani12141854pubmed: 35883401google scholar: lookup
            4. Turlo AJ, Cywinska A, Frisbie DD. Revisiting predictive biomarkers of musculoskeletal injury in thoroughbred racehorses: longitudinal study in polish population. BMC Vet Res 2019 Feb 26;15(1):66.
              doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1799-7pubmed: 30808359google scholar: lookup
            5. Hill RJ, Mason HM, Yeip G, Merchant SS, Olsen AL, Stott RD, Van Wettere AJ, Bressel E, Mason JB. The Influence of Oblique Angle Forced Exercise in Surgically Destabilized Stifle Joints Is Synergistic with Bone, but Antagonistic with Cartilage in an Ovine Model of Osteoarthritis. Arthritis 2017;2017:7481619.
              doi: 10.1155/2017/7481619pubmed: 28348888google scholar: lookup
            6. McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE. The horse as a model of naturally occurring osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2012 Nov;1(11):297-309.
              doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.111.2000132pubmed: 23610661google scholar: lookup
            7. Lamprecht ED, Williams CA. Biomarkers of antioxidant status, inflammation, and cartilage metabolism are affected by acute intense exercise but not superoxide dismutase supplementation in horses. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2012;2012:920932.
              doi: 10.1155/2012/920932pubmed: 22919442google scholar: lookup
            8. de Grauw JC, van de Lest CH, van Weeren PR. Inflammatory mediators and cartilage biomarkers in synovial fluid after a single inflammatory insult: a longitudinal experimental study. Arthritis Res Ther 2009;11(2):R35.
              doi: 10.1186/ar2640pubmed: 19272138google scholar: lookup
            9. Lejeune JP, Serteyn D, Gangl M, Schneider N, Deby-Dupont G, Deberg M, Henrotin Y. Plasma concentrations of a type II collagen-derived peptide and its nitrated form in growing Ardenner sound horses and in horses suffering from juvenile digital degenerative osteoarthropathy. Vet Res Commun 2007 Jul;31(5):591-601.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-007-3518-2pubmed: 17252318google scholar: lookup
            10. Chu Q, Lopez M, Hayashi K, Ionescu M, Billinghurst RC, Johnson KA, Poole AR, Markel MD. Elevation of a collagenase generated type II collagen neoepitope and proteoglycan epitopes in synovial fluid following induction of joint instability in the dog. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2002 Aug;10(8):662-9.
              doi: 10.1053/joca.2002.0812pubmed: 12479389google scholar: lookup
            11. Panizzi L, Vignes M, Dittmer KE, Waterland MR, Rogers CW, Sano H, McIlwraith CW, Riley CB. Infrared Spectroscopy of Synovial Fluid Shows Accuracy as an Early Biomarker in an Equine Model of Traumatic Osteoarthritis. Animals (Basel) 2024 Mar 22;14(7).
              doi: 10.3390/ani14070986pubmed: 38612225google scholar: lookup
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