Mechanical horseback riding improves insulin sensitivity in elder diabetic patients.
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to analyze the acute and chronic effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity in elder diabetic patients using a horseback riding therapeutic equipment (Joba). The acute effects of exercise were examined by means of a single session of Joba riding that lasted for 30 min. The average glucose infusion rates (GIR) before and during exercise were regarded as an index of the insulin action in peripheral tissues by the euglycemic clamp. The chronic effects of exercise were studied by training the elder diabetic patients for 12 weeks using the Joba apparatus. The insulin sensitivity was determined pre- and post-training by a 90 min euglycemic clamp. In the acute study, average GIR during exercise was significantly higher than pre-exercise (7.8+/-0.4 versus 5.2+/-0.3 mg kg(-1)min(-1), P<0.01) and average GIR during recovery decreased to almost the same levels of pre-exercise (5.0+/-0.4 mg kg(-1)min(-1); P<0.01). The 12-week training resulted in a significant increase in the steady-state GIR (from 5.2+/-0.3 to 7.4+/-0.8 mg kg(-1)min(-1); P<0.05). The steady-state GIR after 12 weeks of detraining returned to pre-training levels (5.3+/-0.5 mg kg(-1)min(-1); P<0.05). In elder diabetic patients, mechanical horseback riding enhances the insulin-induced glucose uptake.
Publication Date: 2005-08-18 PubMed ID: 16105705DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2005.06.012Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research found that older diabetic patients who used mechanical horseback riding therapy equipment, known as Joba, showed improvements in insulin sensitivity. The study analyzed the immediate and long-term effects of this exercise using a 30-minute single session and a 12-week training program.
About the Research
- The study observed both the acute, or immediate, and chronic, or long-term, effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity, specifically using a mechanical horseback riding therapeutic equipment named Joba. ‘Insulin sensitivity’ refers to how sensitive the body’s cells are to the insulin, and improved insulin sensitivity can lead to better control of diabetes.
- Insulin sensitivity was measured through the Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR) achieved during a euglycemic clamp, a test that measures how well the body uses glucose. An increase in GIR indicates an increase in insulin sensitivity.
Acute Effects of Exercise
- The acute effects were examined through a single session of riding the Joba for 30 minutes.
- The results showed that the average GIR during exercise was significantly higher than before the exercise, indicating increased sensitivity to insulin while exercising. However, it decreased back to pre-exercise levels once the exercise was completed.
Chronic Effects of Exercise
- The chronic effects were studied by training the older diabetic patients using the Joba apparatus for 12 weeks.
- After this training period, insulin sensitivity significantly improved, as shown by an increased steady-state GIR. The term ‘steady-state’ refers to the condition when the input and output of the system are in balance.
- However, the gains made from the 12-week training disappeared after a detraining period of the same length, indicating that the improvements in insulin sensitivity were not permanent and required ongoing exercise.
Significance
- In conclusion, this form of horseback riding therapy provided beneficial effects in managing diabetes in older patients by enhancing their insulin sensitivity and, therefore, their ability to control blood glucose. It suggests that regular physical activity is essential in managing diabetes in older individuals and highlights mechanical horseback riding as a potentially effective exercise method.
Cite This Article
APA
Kubota M, Nagasaki M, Tokudome M, Shinomiya Y, Ozawa T, Sato Y.
(2005).
Mechanical horseback riding improves insulin sensitivity in elder diabetic patients.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 71(2), 124-130.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2005.06.012 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. masa3696@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
MeSH Terms
- Aged
- Animals
- Blood Glucose / metabolism
- Body Mass Index
- Body Size
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
- Exercise
- Female
- Glucose Clamp Technique
- Glucose Tolerance Test
- Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
- Horses
- Humans
- Middle Aged
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Salbaş E, Karahan AY. The effectiveness of hippotherapy simulation exercises for muscle strength, disease activity and quality of life in sedentary adults with ankylosing spondylitis.. Ann Med 2023;55(2):2249822.
- Mahmudiono T, Setyaningtyas SW, Rachmah Q, Nindya TS, Megatsari H, Indriani D, Rifqi MA, Kriengsinyos W. Self-efficacy in physical activity and glycemic control among older adults with diabetes in Jagir Subdistrict, Surabaya, Indonesia.. Heliyon 2021 Jul;7(7):e07578.
- Park S, Park S, Min S, Kim CJ, Jee YS. A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of Equine Simulator Riding on Low Back Pain, Morphological Changes, and Trunk Musculature in Elderly Women.. Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Nov 13;56(11).
- Malchrowicz-Mośko E, Wieliński D, Adamczewska K. Perceived Benefits for Mental and Physical Health and Barriers to Horseback Riding Participation. The Analysis among Professional and Amateur Athletes.. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 May 25;17(10).
- Baillet H, Leroy D, Vérin E, Delpouve C, Benguigui N, Komar J, Thouvarecq R. Effect of Mechanical Horse Practice as New Postural Training in Patients With Neurological Disorders: A Pilot Study.. Front Psychol 2019;10:1035.
- Goodworth AD, Barrett C, Rylander J, Garner B. Specificity and variability of trunk kinematics on a mechanical horse.. Hum Mov Sci 2019 Feb;63:82-95.
- Lee CW, Kim SG, Na SS. The effects of hippotherapy and a horse riding simulator on the balance of children with cerebral palsy.. J Phys Ther Sci 2014 Mar;26(3):423-5.
- Thent ZC, Das S, Henry LJ. Role of exercise in the management of diabetes mellitus: the global scenario.. PLoS One 2013;8(11):e80436.
- Shimomura K, Murase N, Osada T, Kime R, Anjo M, Esaki K, Shiroishi K, Hamaoka T, Katsumura T. A study of passive weight-bearing lower limb exercise effects on local muscles and whole body oxidative metabolism: a comparison with simulated horse riding, bicycle, and walking exercise.. Dyn Med 2009 Nov 10;8:4.
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