FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Letters in applied microbiology2006; 43(6); 602-606; doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02018.x

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization in clinically normal dogs and horses in the community.

Abstract: To evaluate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal (MRS) colonization in clinically normal dogs and horses in the community. Results: Three hundred clinically normal horses and 200 clinically normal dogs were enrolled. One nasal swab was collected from each horse. Two swabs were taken from each dog: (i) from an anterior nare, and (ii) a combination of the perineal area and 0.5 cm into the anus. Enrichment cultures were performed. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was not identified. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius (MRSI) was isolated from the nasal swab from three dogs. Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) were isolated from 126/300 (42%) horses and 26/200 (13%) dogs. Conclusions: At present MRSI is not considered to be a significant zoonotic concern; however, it may become an important pathogen in dogs. MRCoNS mostly cause disease in compromised human or animal hosts. However, these bacteria can serve as reservoirs of resistance determinants in the community, which could lead to the emergence of novel MRSA strains. Conclusions: This is the first report of the prevalence of MRS colonization in clinically normal dogs in a community setting. Continued surveillance is indicated to determine whether MRSA will emerge in the animal population and become a concern for animal disease and zoonotic infection.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2006-11-07 PubMed ID: 17083704DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02018.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal (MRS) colonization in healthy dogs and horses in a community setting. No Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected, but Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius (MRSI) and Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) were present in some animals.

Research Methodology

  • The study was conducted on a total of 300 horses and 200 dogs, all of which were clinically normal, meaning they showed no signs of disease or infection.
  • A nasal swab was collected from each horse, while two swabs were taken from each dog – one from the nose, and another from the perineal area and 0.5cm into the anus.
  • These swabs were then cultured in the lab to identify any presence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci.

Research Findings

  • No instances of the MRSA form of staphylococci were identified in any of the sampled animals.
  • MRSI was found in the nasal swabs of three out of the 200 dogs sampled.
  • MRCoNS, another strain of methicillin-resistant staphylococci, were found in 42% of the horses and 13% of the dogs.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The researchers conclude that while MRSI is currently not a significant concern for zoonotic diseases (those that can be transmitted from animals to humans), it could potentially become a key pathogen in dogs.
  • Meanwhile, MRCoNS primarily affect plants and animals that are already compromised; however, these bacteria can also act as a reservoir of resistance, potentially leading to the emergence of new MRSA strains in the community.
  • The study is the first to report on the prevalence of MRS colonization in clinically healthy dogs within a community setting.
  • Given these findings, the researchers suggest continuous surveillance to monitor if MRSA will arise in the animal population and pose a threat to animal health and zoonotic infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Vengust M, Anderson ME, Rousseau J, Weese JS. (2006). Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization in clinically normal dogs and horses in the community. Lett Appl Microbiol, 43(6), 602-606. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02018.x

Publication

Letters in applied microbiology
ISSN: 0266-8254
NlmUniqueID: 8510094
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 43
Issue: 6
Pages: 602-606

Researcher Affiliations

Vengust, M
  • Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. modest.vengust@vf.uni-lj.si
Anderson, M E C
    Rousseau, J
      Weese, J S

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Dogs / microbiology
        • Horses / microbiology
        • Humans
        • Methicillin Resistance
        • Staphylococcus / drug effects
        • Staphylococcus / growth & development

        Citations

        This article has been cited 39 times.
        1. Kabir A, Lamichhane B, Habib T, Adams A, El-Sheikh Ali H, Slovis NM, Troedsson MHT, Helmy YA. Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond-A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024 Jul 29;13(8).
          doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13080713pubmed: 39200013google scholar: lookup
        2. Shoaib M, Aqib AI, Muzammil I, Majeed N, Bhutta ZA, Kulyar MF, Fatima M, Zaheer CF, Muneer A, Murtaza M, Kashif M, Shafqat F, Pu W. MRSA compendium of epidemiology, transmission, pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention within one health framework. Front Microbiol 2022;13:1067284.
          doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1067284pubmed: 36704547google scholar: lookup
        3. Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Alvarez J. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in cattle and horses. EFSA J 2022 May;20(5):e07312.
          doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7312pubmed: 35582361google scholar: lookup
        4. Tahoun A, Elnafarawy HK, El-Sharkawy H, Rizk AM, Alorabi M, El-Shehawi AM, Youssef MA, Ibrahim HMM, El-Khodery S. The Prevalence and Molecular Biology of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Equine Eyes in Egypt. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Feb 10;11(2).
          doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11020221pubmed: 35203823google scholar: lookup
        5. Thomson P, García P, Miles J, Isla D, Yáñez C, Santibáñez R, Núñez A, Flores-Yáñez C, Del Río C, Cuadra F. Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans. Vet Sci 2022 Feb 13;9(2).
          doi: 10.3390/vetsci9020079pubmed: 35202332google scholar: lookup
        6. Cocca G, Piva S, Magno SD, Scarpellini R, Giacometti F, Serraino A, Giunti M. Prevalence and Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance among Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp. in a Veterinary University Hospital. Vet Sci 2021 Dec 6;8(12).
          doi: 10.3390/vetsci8120308pubmed: 34941835google scholar: lookup
        7. Khanal M, Joshi PR, Paudel S, Acharya M, Rijal KR, Ghimire P, Banjara MR. Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern from Healthy Dogs and Their Owners from Kathmandu Valley. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021 Nov 2;6(4).
          doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6040194pubmed: 34842844google scholar: lookup
        8. Simon BJ, Weese JS, Schick AE, Lewis TP 2nd. Breeder-reported patterns of antimicrobial use and point prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. among breeding bitches in the southwestern United States. Can Vet J 2020 Dec;61(12):1273-1277.
          pubmed: 33299242
        9. Roudaud M, Allano M, Fairbrother JH, Sauvé F. A retrospective study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from horses admitted to a Canadian veterinary teaching hospital between 2008 and 2018. Can Vet J 2020 Nov;61(11):1197-1202.
          pubmed: 33149358
        10. Lauková A, Pogány Simonová M, Focková V, Kološta M, Tomáška M, Dvorožňáková E. Susceptibility to Bacteriocins in Biofilm-Forming, Variable Staphylococci Isolated from Local Slovak Ewes' Milk Lump Cheeses. Foods 2020 Sep 22;9(9).
          doi: 10.3390/foods9091335pubmed: 32971750google scholar: lookup
        11. Börjesson S, Gunnarsson L, Landén A, Grönlund U. Low occurrence of extended-spectrum cephalosporinase producing Enterobacteriaceae and no detection of methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci in healthy dogs in Sweden. Acta Vet Scand 2020 Apr 25;62(1):18.
          doi: 10.1186/s13028-020-00516-4pubmed: 32334616google scholar: lookup
        12. Ma GC, Worthing KA, Ward MP, Norris JM. Commensal Staphylococci Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Dogs and Cats in Remote New South Wales, Australia. Microb Ecol 2020 Jan;79(1):164-174.
          doi: 10.1007/s00248-019-01382-ypubmed: 31049616google scholar: lookup
        13. Gómez-Sanz E, Ceballos S, Ruiz-Ripa L, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Clonally Diverse Methicillin and Multidrug Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Are Ubiquitous and Pose Transfer Ability Between Pets and Their Owners. Front Microbiol 2019;10:485.
          doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00485pubmed: 30972035google scholar: lookup
        14. Lauková A, Bino E, Kubašová I, Strompfová V, Miltko R, Belzecki G, Pogány Simonová M. Characterisation of Faecal Staphylococci from Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) and Their Susceptibility to Gallidermin. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020 Mar;12(1):302-310.
          doi: 10.1007/s12602-019-9522-3pubmed: 30710249google scholar: lookup
        15. Shaffer K, Bach J, Chun R. Prospective study evaluating the incidence of bacteraemia and bacteruria in afebrile and febrile neutropaenic dogs undergoing chemotherapy. Vet Med Sci 2016 Nov;2(4):281-294.
          doi: 10.1002/vms3.49pubmed: 29067203google scholar: lookup
        16. Verstappen KM, Huijbregts L, Spaninks M, Wagenaar JA, Fluit AC, Duim B. Development of a real-time PCR for detection of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius using a novel automated comparison of whole-genome sequences. PLoS One 2017;12(8):e0183925.
          doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183925pubmed: 28859126google scholar: lookup
        17. Boyle AG, Rankin SC, Duffee LA, Morris D. Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Equine Nasopharyngeal and Guttural Pouch Wash Samples. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Sep;31(5):1551-1555.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.14783pubmed: 28661019google scholar: lookup
        18. Ghasemzadeh I, Namazi SH. Review of bacterial and viral zoonotic infections transmitted by dogs. J Med Life 2015;8(Spec Iss 4):1-5.
          pubmed: 28316698
        19. Grönthal T, Ollilainen M, Eklund M, Piiparinen H, Gindonis V, Junnila J, Saijonmaa-Koulumies L, Liimatainen R, Rantala M. Epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in guide dogs in Finland. Acta Vet Scand 2015 Jul 17;57(1):37.
          doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0129-8pubmed: 26183814google scholar: lookup
        20. Ruzauskas M, Couto N, Kerziene S, Siugzdiniene R, Klimiene I, Virgailis M, Pomba C. Prevalence, species distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in Lithuanian pet animals. Acta Vet Scand 2015 Jun 2;57(1):27.
          doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0117-zpubmed: 26032539google scholar: lookup
        21. van de Sande-Bruinsma N, Leverstein van Hall MA, Janssen M, Nagtzaam N, Leenders S, de Greeff SC, Schneeberger PM. Impact of livestock-associated MRSA in a hospital setting. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015;4:11.
          doi: 10.1186/s13756-015-0053-8pubmed: 25908965google scholar: lookup
        22. Chah KF, Gómez-Sanz E, Nwanta JA, Asadu B, Agbo IC, Lozano C, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from healthy dogs in Nsukka, Nigeria. Braz J Microbiol 2014;45(1):215-20.
          doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822014005000034pubmed: 24948934google scholar: lookup
        23. Schmidt VM, Williams NJ, Pinchbeck G, Corless CE, Shaw S, McEwan N, Dawson S, Nuttall T. Antimicrobial resistance and characterisation of staphylococci isolated from healthy Labrador retrievers in the United Kingdom. BMC Vet Res 2014 Jan 14;10:17.
          doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-17pubmed: 24423104google scholar: lookup
        24. Mallardo K, Nizza S, Fiorito F, Pagnini U, De Martino L. A comparative evaluation of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from harness racing-horses, breeding mares and riding-horses in Italy. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013 Mar;3(3):169-73.
          doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60044-1pubmed: 23620832google scholar: lookup
        25. Crombé F, Argudín MA, Vanderhaeghen W, Hermans K, Haesebrouck F, Butaye P. Transmission Dynamics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pigs. Front Microbiol 2013;4:57.
          doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00057pubmed: 23518663google scholar: lookup
        26. Dicicco M, Neethirajan S, Singh A, Weese JS. Efficacy of clarithromycin on biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. BMC Vet Res 2012 Nov 21;8:225.
          doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-225pubmed: 23171620google scholar: lookup
        27. Van den Eede A, Martens A, Feryn I, Vanderhaeghen W, Lipinska U, Gasthuys F, Butaye P, Haesebrouck F, Hermans K. Low MRSA prevalence in horses at farm level. BMC Vet Res 2012 Nov 7;8:213.
          doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-213pubmed: 23134703google scholar: lookup
        28. Garbacz K, Żarnowska S, Piechowicz L, Haras K. Staphylococci isolated from carriage sites and infected sites of dogs as a reservoir of multidrug resistance and methicillin resistance. Curr Microbiol 2013 Feb;66(2):169-73.
          doi: 10.1007/s00284-012-0254-9pubmed: 23099429google scholar: lookup
        29. Pantosti A. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Animals and Its Relevance to Human Health. Front Microbiol 2012;3:127.
          doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00127pubmed: 22509176google scholar: lookup
        30. Laarhoven LM, de Heus P, van Luijn J, Duim B, Wagenaar JA, van Duijkeren E. Longitudinal study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in households. PLoS One 2011;6(11):e27788.
          doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027788pubmed: 22132141google scholar: lookup
        31. Chrobak D, Kizerwetter-Świda M, Rzewuska M, Moodley A, Guardabassi L, Binek M. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains isolated from clinical samples of animal origin. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2011 Sep;56(5):415-22.
          doi: 10.1007/s12223-011-0064-7pubmed: 21874595google scholar: lookup
        32. David MZ, Daum RS. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology and clinical consequences of an emerging epidemic. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010 Jul;23(3):616-87.
          doi: 10.1128/CMR.00081-09pubmed: 20610826google scholar: lookup
        33. Tokateloff N, Manning ST, Weese JS, Campbell J, Rothenburger J, Stephen C, Bastura V, Gow SP, Reid-Smith R. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in horses in Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia. Can Vet J 2009 Nov;50(11):1177-80.
          pubmed: 20119542
        34. Murphy C, Reid-Smith RJ, Prescott JF, Bonnett BN, Poppe C, Boerlin P, Weese JS, Janecko N, McEwen SA. Occurrence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in healthy dogs and cats presented to private veterinary hospitals in southern Ontario: A preliminary study. Can Vet J 2009 Oct;50(10):1047-53.
          pubmed: 20046603
        35. Hanselman BA, Kruth SA, Rousseau J, Weese JS. Coagulase positive staphylococcal colonization of humans and their household pets. Can Vet J 2009 Sep;50(9):954-8.
          pubmed: 19949556
        36. Walther B, Monecke S, Ruscher C, Friedrich AW, Ehricht R, Slickers P, Soba A, Wleklinski CG, Wieler LH, Lübke-Becker A. Comparative molecular analysis substantiates zoonotic potential of equine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 2009 Mar;47(3):704-10.
          doi: 10.1128/JCM.01626-08pubmed: 19109463google scholar: lookup
        37. Burton S, Reid-Smith R, McClure JT, Weese JS. Staphylococcus aureus colonization in healthy horses in Atlantic Canada. Can Vet J 2008 Aug;49(8):797-9.
          pubmed: 18978975
        38. Sasaki T, Kikuchi K, Tanaka Y, Takahashi N, Kamata S, Hiramatsu K. Reclassification of phenotypically identified staphylococcus intermedius strains. J Clin Microbiol 2007 Sep;45(9):2770-8.
          doi: 10.1128/JCM.00360-07pubmed: 17596353google scholar: lookup
        39. Sasaki T, Kikuchi K, Tanaka Y, Takahashi N, Kamata S, Hiramatsu K. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a veterinary teaching hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2007 Apr;45(4):1118-25.
          doi: 10.1128/JCM.02193-06pubmed: 17267624google scholar: lookup
        Subscribe to our newsletter
        Join 99,928 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.