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Veterinary parasitology2015; 208(3-4); 135-142; doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.01.007

Microsporidia and Cryptosporidium in horses and donkeys in Algeria: detection of a novel Cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (Ik) in a horse.

Abstract: A total of 219 and 124 individual fecal samples of horses and donkeys, respectively, were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., Encephalitozoon spp., and Enterocytozoon bieneusi DNA by genus-specific nested PCR. Isolates were genotyped by sequence analysis of SSU rRNA, GP60, TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci in Cryptosporidium, and the ITS region in microsporidia. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected on 3/18 horse farms and 1/15 farms where donkeys were kept. Overall, five (2.3%) horse and two (1.6%) donkey specimens were PCR positive for Cryptosporidium. Genotyping at SSU and GP60 loci revealed that three isolates from horses and donkeys were C. parvum subtype family IIaA16G1R1, one isolate from a horse was, C. muris RN66, and one isolate from a donkey was C. muris TS03. An isolate from a horse shared 99.4% and 99.3% similarity with Cryptosporidium hominis and C. cuniculus, respectively, at the SSU locus. This isolate shared 100% identity with C. hominis at the TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci, and it was from the novel gp60 subtype family IkA15G1. Microsporidia were found on 6/18 horse and 2/15 donkey farms. E. bieneusi was identified in 6.8% (15/219) and 1.6% (2/124), and Encephalitozoon cuniculi was identified in 1.8% (4/219) and 1.6% (2/124), of horses and donkeys, respectively. Three genotypes of E. cuniculi (I, II and III) were detected in horses, and E. cuniculi genotype II was detected in donkeys. Four genotypes of E. bieneusi (horse1, horse 2, CZ3, D) were described in horses. An additional five horses and two donkeys were positive for E. bieneusi, but the isolated were not genotyped. Neither Cryptosporidium nor microsporidia prevalence were affected by sex, age, type of breeding, or whether the host was a horse or a donkey.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2015-01-19 PubMed ID: 25638716DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.01.007Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research sought to screen and identify the presence of Cryptosporidium and Microsporidia species in horses and donkeys in Algeria through the analysis of fecal samples. The study found that prevalence of these parasites was not affected by factors such as sex, age, type of breeding, or the type of host animal.

Study Methodology

  • The study examined a total of 219 fecal samples from horses and 124 from donkeys. These samples were obtained from diverse farms across Algeria.
  • The researchers employed a genus-specific nested PCR technique to screen for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., Encephalitozoon spp., and Enterocytozoon bieneusi DNA in the samples.
  • They further undertook a genotyping exercise for the isolates through sequence analysis of various loci in Cryptosporidium and the ITS region in microsporidia.

Main Findings

  • Cryptosporidium spp. was detected on three out of eighteen horse farms and one out of fifteen donkey farms screened.
  • Five horse specimens and two donkey specimens tested positive for Cryptosporidium, corresponding to prevalence rates of 2.3% and 1.6% respectively.
  • The genotyping exercise revealed different Cryptosporidium species and subtype families in the animal hosts, including a novel Cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (Ik) in a horse.
  • Microsporidia infection was found on six out of eighteen horse and two out of fifteen donkey farms.
  • Enterocytozoon bieneusi was identified in 6.8% of horse and 1.6% of donkey samples, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi was identified in 1.8% of horses and 1.6% of donkeys.
  • Different genotypes of Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Enterocytozoon bieneusi were identified, with some samples remaining uncharacterized.

Implications of the Study

  • These findings give insights into the parasitic infections affecting horses and donkeys in Algeria, providing a basis for mitigation and prevention strategies.
  • The identification of a novel subtype of Cryptosporidium hominis highlights the diversity of these parasites and the need for constant monitoring to detect new strains.
  • Information regarding the prevalence and strain diversity of these parasites could be crucial for veterinary practitioners, helping inform treatment decisions and control practices.

Cite This Article

APA
Laatamna AE, Wagnerová P, Sak B, Květoňová D, Xiao L, Rost M, McEvoy J, Saadi AR, Aissi M, Kváč M. (2015). Microsporidia and Cryptosporidium in horses and donkeys in Algeria: detection of a novel Cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (Ik) in a horse. Vet Parasitol, 208(3-4), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.01.007

Publication

Veterinary parasitology
ISSN: 1873-2550
NlmUniqueID: 7602745
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 208
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 135-142
PII: S0304-4017(15)00025-4

Researcher Affiliations

Laatamna, Abd Elkarim
  • Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Djelfa, Moudjbara, BP 3117, Djelfa, Algeria; Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
Wagnerová, Pavla
  • Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Sak, Bohumil
  • Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Květoňová, Dana
  • Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Xiao, Lihua
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Rost, Michael
  • Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
McEvoy, John
  • Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
Saadi, Ahmed Rachid
  • Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
Aissi, Meriem
  • Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
Kváč, Martin
  • Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Electronic address: kvac@paru.cas.cz.

MeSH Terms

  • Algeria / epidemiology
  • Animals
  • Cryptosporidiosis / epidemiology
  • Cryptosporidiosis / parasitology
  • Cryptosporidium / classification
  • Cryptosporidium / genetics
  • Cryptosporidium / isolation & purification
  • Equidae / microbiology
  • Equidae / parasitology
  • Feces / microbiology
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Microsporidia / classification
  • Microsporidia / genetics
  • Microsporidia / isolation & purification
  • Microsporidiosis / epidemiology
  • Microsporidiosis / microbiology
  • Microsporidiosis / veterinary
  • Phylogeny
  • Prevalence

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