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Infection and immunity2017; 85(12); e00332-17; doi: 10.1128/IAI.00332-17

Model of Chronic Equine Endometritis Involving a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm.

Abstract: Bacteria in a biofilm community have increased tolerance to antimicrobial therapy. To characterize the role of biofilms in equine endometritis, six mares were inoculated with -engineered strains isolated from equine uterine infections. Following establishment of infection, the horses were euthanized and the endometrial surfaces were imaged for luminescence to localize adherent -labeled bacteria. Samples from the endometrium were collected for cytology, histopathology, carbohydrate analysis, and expression of inflammatory cytokine genes. Tissue-adherent bacteria were present in focal areas between endometrial folds (6/6 mares). The Pel exopolysaccharide (biofilm matrix component) and cyclic di-GMP (biofilm-regulatory molecule) were detected in 6/6 mares and 5/6 mares, respectively, from endometrial samples with tissue-adherent bacteria ( < 0.05). A greater incidence ( 0.05) in the number of inflammatory cells in the endometrium between areas with and without tissue-adherent bacteria. Neutrophils were decreased ( < 0.05) in areas surrounding tissue-adherent bacteria compared to those in areas free of adherent bacteria. Gene expression of interleukin-10, an immune-modulatory cytokine, was significantly ( < 0.05) increased in areas of tissue-adherent bacteria compared to that in endometrium absent of biofilm. These findings indicate that produces a biofilm in the uterus and that the host immune response is modulated focally around areas with biofilm, but inflammation within the tissue is similar in areas with and without biofilm matrix. Future studies will focus on therapeutic options for elimination of bacterial biofilm in the equine uterus.
Copyright © 2017 Ferris et al.
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Publication Date: 2017-11-17 PubMed ID: 28970274PubMed Central: PMC5695105DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00332-17Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on understanding the role of biofilms, specifically from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in chronic equine endometritis and how it affects the immune response in horses. It also helps in identifying the possible solution for bacterial biofilm elimination.

Experiment and Methodology

  • In the experiment, six mares were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were previously isolated from equine uterine infections.
  • The mares were euthanized post-infection to examine the endometrial surfaces and locate the bacteria.
  • Tests were conducted to determine different aspects of the infection and bacterial growth, including cytology, histopathology, carbohydrate analysis, and assessment of inflammatory cytokine genes’ expression.

Results and Findings

  • The researchers found bacteria in specific areas between endometrial folds in all the mares.
  • They detected Pel exopolysaccharide, a component of the biofilm matrix, in all mares, while cyclic di-GMP, a molecule that controls biofilm creation, was found in 5 out of the 6 mares.
  • These findings were statistically significant and suggested that Pseudomonas aeruginosa creates a biofilm in the uterine environment.
  • Importantly, the researchers established that Bouin’s solution is more effective at detecting bacteria adherent to the endometrium than buffered formalin.

Immune Response and Inflammation

  • There was no significant difference in the number of inflammatory cells in the endometrium between areas with and without bacteria.
  • However, there was a reduction in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, surrounding areas with bacteria compared to those without bacteria.
  • The gene expression of interleukin-10, an inflammation-modulating cytokine, was significantly increased in areas with adherent bacteria compared to those without.
  • This indicates that the host immune response is altered around areas with biofilm, although the inflammation response within the tissue maintains similarity in areas with and without biofilm matrix.

Implication for Future Studies

  • This research provides crucial insights into how biofilms contribute to chronic equine endometritis and its impact on the host’s immune response.
  • Future research will aim to explore therapeutic options for eliminating bacterial biofilm in the equine uterus.

Cite This Article

APA
Ferris RA, McCue PM, Borlee GI, Glapa KE, Martin KH, Mangalea MR, Hennet ML, Wolfe LM, Broeckling CD, Borlee BR. (2017). Model of Chronic Equine Endometritis Involving a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm. Infect Immun, 85(12), e00332-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00332-17

Publication

Infection and immunity
ISSN: 1098-5522
NlmUniqueID: 0246127
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 85
Issue: 12
PII: e00332-17

Researcher Affiliations

Ferris, Ryan A
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA rferris@colostate.edu brad.borlee@colostate.edu.
McCue, Patrick M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Borlee, Grace I
  • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Glapa, Kristina E
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Martin, Kevin H
  • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Mangalea, Mihnea R
  • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Hennet, Margo L
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Wolfe, Lisa M
  • Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Broeckling, Corey D
  • Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Borlee, Bradley R
  • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA rferris@colostate.edu brad.borlee@colostate.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Biofilms / growth & development
  • Endometritis / microbiology
  • Endometritis / pathology
  • Endometrium / microbiology
  • Endometrium / pathology
  • Female
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Luciferases / analysis
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Pseudomonas Infections / microbiology
  • Pseudomonas Infections / pathology
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / genetics
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / physiology

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