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Virus genes2022; 58(4); 284-293; doi: 10.1007/s11262-022-01910-y

Molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of an equid alphaherpesvirus 1 strain isolated in China.

Abstract: Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is prevalent in China, and causes notable economic damage to the equine industry. However, there is no information regarding the molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of the Chinese strains. Therefore, an EHV-1 strain, named YM2019, was isolated from the lung tissue of an aborted horse fetus in Xinjiang, China, and its genome and pathogenicity were analyzed. The full genome of the isolate was 150,267 base pairs in length, with 56.7% G + C content. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis showed that strain YM2019 (GenBank: MT063054) belonged to the ORF30 N752 genotype but displayed a high level of similarity with strain Ab4 (ORF30 D752, GenBank: AY665713) isolated in Britain. Fourteen unique amino acid mutations were found when comparing strain YM2019 with the reference strains Ab4 and V592 (ORF30 N752, GenBank: AY464052). Syrian hamsters infected with strain YM2019 exhibited severe respiratory and neurological clinical signs and died. Infection with strain YM2019 in Yili horses caused rhinopneumonitis, viremia, and neurological clinical signs such as hind limb lameness, prostration, and reduced movement. Here, we describe the features of an EHV-1 strain discovered in China, together with the complete genome sequence, and reveal that a nonneurovirulent strain (ORF30 N752) can also cause neurological signs in horses. The data will be useful in providing some reference for further research into the relationship between viral genotypes and pathogenicity.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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Publication Date: 2022-05-14 PubMed ID: 35567668PubMed Central: 6901505DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01910-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates a strain of equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), named YM2019, which was isolated in China. Researchers studied its genetics, symptoms it causes in infected hosts, and characterized its genome sequence.

Methodology and Genetic Analysis of the Strain

  • The EHV-1 strain was extracted from a lung tissue of an aborted horse fetus in Xinjiang, China, which was then studied for its genetic structure and pathology.
  • The researchers found that the genome of the isolated strain was 150,267 base pairs long and had a G+C content of 56.7%.
  • Comparing the genetic makeup of this strain with other known strains of EHV-1 showed strain YM2019 was genetically similar in appearance to the British strain Ab4, and both belong to the ORF30 N752 genotype.
  • While the YM2019 strain shares similarity with the Ab4, the study identified fourteen unique amino acid mutations that distinguished YM2019 from Ab4 and from another reference strain, V592.

Pathogenicity and Symptoms Caused by YM2019

  • Researchers found that Syrian hamsters infected with the YM2019 strain developed severe respiratory and neurological symptoms and eventually died, indicating the virus’s high pathogenicity.
  • Horses from Yili, when infected with this strain, showed symptoms of rhinopneumonitis, viremia, neurologic symptoms including hind limb lameness, a state of being prone, and reduced overall movement.

Significance of the Study

  • The study points out that nonneurovirulent strains, such as the ORF30 N752 genotype, can also cause neurological symptoms in horses. It demonstrates that categorizing these strains solely as nonneurovirulent can be misleading.
  • These findings may contribute to the understanding of the relationship between different viral genotypes and their respective pathogenicity, providing essential insights for future studies.
  • The information about EHV-1’s genetic structure and its associated pathology will be beneficial for developing preventive measures and potential treatment options in equine health.

Cite This Article

APA
Hu Y, Jia Q, Liu J, Sun W, Bao Z, Che C, Wu G, Fan B, Jarhen , Ran D. (2022). Molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of an equid alphaherpesvirus 1 strain isolated in China. Virus Genes, 58(4), 284-293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-022-01910-y

Publication

Virus genes
ISSN: 1572-994X
NlmUniqueID: 8803967
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 58
Issue: 4
Pages: 284-293

Researcher Affiliations

Hu, Yue
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Jia, Qinrui
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Liu, Jianhua
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Sun, Wencheng
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Bao, Zilei
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Che, Chuanzhong
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Wu, Guiling
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Fan, Bin
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Jarhen,
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China.
Ran, Duoliang
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China. r13095035829@163.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / genetics
  • Horses / genetics
  • Open Reading Frames
  • Phylogeny
  • Virulence / genetics

Grant Funding

  • 2017A01002-2-4 / The Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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