Archives of virology2019; 164(5); 1371-1382; doi: 10.1007/s00705-019-04201-4

TLR-5 agonist Salmonella abortus equi flagellin FliC enhances FliC-gD-based DNA vaccination against equine herpesvirus 1 infection.

Abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) induces serious respiratory infections, viral abortion, neurological signs, and neonatal mortality in horses. Despite the use of vaccines, EHV-1 infection also causes a high annual economic burden to the equine industry. The poor immunogenicity of and protection conferred by EHV-1 vaccines are the major factors responsible for the spread of EHV-1 infection. The present study examined the immunogenicity of a novel DNA vaccine co-expressing FliC, a flagellin protein, in Salmonella abortus equi and the gD protein of EHV-1. Mice and horses were immunized intramuscularly with the vaccine, and mice were challenged with EHV-1. Immunofluorescence and western blotting revealed that FliC and gD can be efficiently expressed in cells. This novel vaccine significantly increased gD-specific antibody and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels in immunized mice and horses. Compared with controls, the viral load and morbidity were markedly reduced in FliC-gD-immunized mice after they were challenged with EHV-1. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of FliC-gD in a natural host was tested. Our results indicate that vaccinated mice and horses exhibit increased humoral and improved cellular immune responses.
Publication Date: 2019-03-19 PubMed ID: 30888564DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04201-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article discusses a new DNA vaccine against Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection, which integrates FliC, a flagellin protein from a strain of Salmonella, and the gD protein of EHV-1, showing its effectiveness in eliciting a stronger immune response in mice and horses.

Background

  • EHV-1 is a highly infectious virus which causes serious respiratory illness, viral abortions, neurological symptoms, and death in newborn horses. These infections lead to substantial annual economic losses in the horse industry.
  • The currently available vaccines have limited effectiveness, primarily due to their weak immunogenicity, thus contributing to the continued spread of EHV-1.

Study Design

  • This research focused on developing an innovative DNA vaccine that simultaneously expresses both FliC, a flagellin protein derived from Salmonella abortus equi, and gD, a protein from EHV-1.
  • The immunogenic properties of this new vaccine were tested on both mice and horses, which were subsequently subjected to EHV-1.
  • Efficient expression of FliC and gD in cells was confirmed via immunofluorescence and western blotting techniques.

Results

  • The FliC-gD-based DNA vaccine considerably boosted gD-specific antibodies and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels in both the mice and horses that received the immunization.
  • After exposure to EHV-1, the FliC-gD-immunized mice displayed notably reduced viral loads and a decrease in disease severity compared to the control group.
  • The research also assessed the immunogenicity of the FliC-gD vaccine in its natural host to confirm its efficacy.

Conclusions

  • The research highlights the potential of this novel vaccine in eliciting stronger immune responses in the infected mice and horses.
  • The increased humoral and cellular immune responses in vaccinated animals suggest the potential efficacy of this DNA vaccine against EHV-1 infections.

Cite This Article

APA
Zhao Y, Chang J, Zhang B, Tong P, Wang C, Ran D, Su Y. (2019). TLR-5 agonist Salmonella abortus equi flagellin FliC enhances FliC-gD-based DNA vaccination against equine herpesvirus 1 infection. Arch Virol, 164(5), 1371-1382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04201-4

Publication

ISSN: 1432-8798
NlmUniqueID: 7506870
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 164
Issue: 5
Pages: 1371-1382

Researcher Affiliations

Zhao, Yanan
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Chang, Jianxin
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Zhang, Baojiang
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Tong, Panpan
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Wang, Caidie
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Ran, Duoliang
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China.
Su, Yan
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, u00dcru00fcmqi, 830052, China. 2006au@163.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Cell Line
  • Female
  • Flagellin / genetics
  • Flagellin / immunology
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
  • Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
  • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Interferon-gamma / blood
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Salmonella / immunology
  • Toll-Like Receptor 5 / metabolism
  • Vaccines, DNA / immunology
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
  • Viral Load
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology

Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Hu Y, Jia Q, Liu J, Sun W, Bao Z, Che C, Wu G, Fan B, Jarhen, Ran D. Molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of an equid alphaherpesvirus 1 strain isolated in China.. Virus Genes 2022 Aug;58(4):284-293.
    doi: 10.1007/s11262-022-01910-ypubmed: 35567668google scholar: lookup
  2. Niu Q, Liu S, Yin M, Lei S, Rezzonico F, Zhang L. Phytobacter diazotrophicus from Intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans Confers Colonization-Resistance against Bacillus nematocida Using Flagellin (FliC) as an Inhibition Factor.. Pathogens 2022 Jan 10;11(1).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens11010082pubmed: 35056030google scholar: lookup
  3. Baghbani T, Nikzad H, Azadbakht J, Izadpanah F, Haddad Kashani H. Dual and mutual interaction between microbiota and viral infections: a possible treat for COVID-19.. Microb Cell Fact 2020 Nov 26;19(1):217.
    doi: 10.1186/s12934-020-01483-1pubmed: 33243230google scholar: lookup