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Frontiers in veterinary science2018; 4; 235; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00235

Molecular Characteristics of the Equine Periodontal Ligament.

Abstract: The equine periodontal ligament (PDL) is a fibrous connective tissue that covers the intra-alveolar parts of the tooth and anchors it to the alveolar bone-it, therefore, provides a similar function to a tendinous structure. While several studies have considered the formation and structure of tendons, there is insufficient information particularly on the molecular composition of the PDL. Especially for the equine PDL, there is limited knowledge concerning the expression of genes commonly regarded as typical for tendon tissue. In this study, the gene expression of, e.g., (, and fibrocartilage markers was examined in the functional mature equine PDL compared with immature and mature equine tendon tissue. PDL samples were obtained from incisor, premolar, and molar teeth from seven adult horses. Additionally, tendon samples were collected from four adult horses and five foals at different sampling locations. Analyses of gene expression were performed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Significantly higher expression levels of and were found in the mature equine PDL in comparison with mature tendon, indicating higher rates of collagen production and turnover in the mature equine PDL. The expression levels of , a specific marker for tenogenic-differentiated cells, were on a similar level in functional mature PDL and in mature tendon tissue. Evidence of chondrogenic metaplasia, often found in tendon entheses or in pressurized regions of tendons, was not found in the mature equine PDL. The obtained results justify further experiments focused on the possible use of equine PDL cells for cell-based regenerative therapies.
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Publication Date: 2018-01-11 PubMed ID: 29376061PubMed Central: PMC5768624DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00235Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research provides an in-depth study about the molecular composition of the equine periodontal ligament (PDL). The study compares its gene expression levels with immature and mature equine tendon tissue, revealing higher rates of collagen production and turnover in the mature equine PDL.

Study Overview

  • In this research, the authors have conducted a comparative study to gain insights into the molecular composition of the equine periodontal ligament (PDL), a fibrous connective tissue that secures the tooth to the alveolar bone.
  • The researchers aimed to fill in the gaps within existing knowledge about the equine PDL, particularly its gene expression for typical tendon tissue markers.

Methodology

  • PDL samples were taken from the incisor, premolar, and molar teeth of seven adult horses for this examination. Additionally, tendon samples were also procured from four adult horses and five foals from varied sampling sites.
  • The gene expression analyses were conducted using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)–a common laboratory technique used for detecting and quantifying a specific DNA sequence.

Findings

  • The results unveiled elevated expression levels of collagen in the mature equine PDL as compared to mature tendon. This suggests that the production and turnover of collagen—a key protein in connective tissues—are higher in the PDL.
  • While the expression levels of a specific marker for tenogenic-differentiated cells were similar in mature PDL and mature tendon tissue, the researchers found no signs of chondrogenic metaplasia in the mature equine PDL. Chondrogenic metaplasia is a condition often observed in tendon entheses or in areas of tendons experiencing high pressure.

Implications and Future Research

  • The comprehensive assessments and results of this study lend support to more research into the potential advantages of equine PDL cells for cell-based regenerative therapies.
  • The identified differences in gene expression between equine PDL and tendon tissue can help develop more effective treatments for injuries or diseases affecting these similar yet distinct fibrous connective tissues.

Cite This Article

APA
Pöschke A, Krähling B, Failing K, Staszyk C. (2018). Molecular Characteristics of the Equine Periodontal Ligament. Front Vet Sci, 4, 235. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2017.00235

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 4
Pages: 235
PII: 235

Researcher Affiliations

Pöschke, Antje
  • Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Krähling, Bastian
  • Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Failing, Klaus
  • Department of Biomathematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Staszyk, Carsten
  • Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

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