Molecular detection of equid herpesvirus in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from asymptomatic horses in Southern Brazil.
Abstract: Molecular approaches to diagnose respiratory viruses have provided an opportunity for early and subclinical pathogen detection, particularly in samples from the upper respiratory tract. This study aimed to investigate the presence of herpesviruses, particularly equid herpesvirus (EHV)-2 and EHV-5, in samples from the lower respiratory tract of healthy racehorses from Southern Brazil. Unassigned: Samples from the lower respiratory tract (i.e., bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF]) were assessed by video endoscopy, cytological evaluation of BALF, and tracheal aspirates (TA), along with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), to detect equine herpesvirus infection in the lower respiratory tract samples and compare corresponding cytological and endoscopic findings. Unassigned: At least one abnormality per horse during endoscopy examination was observed, including, but not limited to, mucous secretion in the airways and pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia. The presence of EHV-2 and/or EHV-5 was detected by qPCR in 3/10 animals. One horse was positive for EHV-2 alone, one for EHV-5 alone, and one for both. Unassigned: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazilian thoroughbred horses. These findings may provide new insights into the epidemiology of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazilian horses, evidencing the importance of the molecular investigation, early detection, and prevention of respiratory diseases.
Copyright: © Finger, et al.
Publication Date: 2022-11-17 PubMed ID: 36590117PubMed Central: PMC9798070DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2597-2602Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Asymptomatic Carriers
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Epidemiology
- Equine Health
- Equine Herpesvirus
- Horses
- Infection
- Infectious Disease
- Molecular biology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Respiratory Health
- Thoroughbreds
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virus
Summary
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This research identifies the presence of herpesviruses, specifically equid herpesvirus (EHV)-2 and EHV-5, in healthy racehorses in southern Brazil using molecular techniques. The study emphasizes the importance of early detection and prevention measures for potential respiratory diseases in horses due to these viruses.
Objective and Methodology
- This research study involved the molecular testing of the lower respiratory tract samples of healthy racehorses in South Brazil. The main aim was to investigate the presence of herpesviruses, specifically EHV-2 and EHV-5.
- The lower respiratory tract samples were gathered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and were further investigated through video endoscopy, cytological evaluation of BALF, tracheal aspirates (TA), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
- These methods were utilized to detect any signs of equine herpesvirus infection, as part of comparing and matching the cytological and endoscopic findings.
Findings
- During the endoscopy examination, at least one abnormal characteristic per horse was observed, including mucous secretion in the airways and pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (a condition associated with an increase in lymphoid tissue).
- The presence of EHV-2 and/or EHV-5 was established in 30% of the animals, utilizing the qPCR testing method. An individual horse tested positive for each variant of the virus, with one case showing the presence of both EHV-2 and EHV-5.
Conclusion and Significance
- This study marks the first molecular detection of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazilian thoroughbred horses.
- These findings could provide useful insights into the epidemiology or disease prevalence of EHV-2 and EHV-5 amongst Brazilian horses.
- Furthermore, the results highlight the significance of molecular investigations, early detection, and preventative strategies in the context of equine respiratory diseases.
Cite This Article
APA
Finger MA, Biava JS, Dornbusch PT, Perotta JH, Ullmann LS, Serpa PBDS, Kmetiuk LB, Dos Santos AP, Biondo AW, Leutenegger C, Filho IRB.
(2022).
Molecular detection of equid herpesvirus in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from asymptomatic horses in Southern Brazil.
Vet World, 15(11), 2597-2602.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2597-2602 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
- Biotechnology Institute, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18607-440, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine. Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Director Molecular Diagnostics, Antech Diagnostics - Molecular Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA, 92708, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFPR - Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035, Brazil.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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