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Home / Equine Research Bank / Sci Rep / Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii ...
Scientific reports2022; 12(1); 13121; doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16658-6

Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China.

Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii, one of the important zoonotic parasites, has been detected in lots of hosts including humans, with a widespread prevalence. The products of equids, such as meat and milk, have been closely related to humans' life. As the intermediate hosts, little is known about equids toxoplasmosis in Jilin province. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infections in equids from Jilin, northeastern China. In this study, a total of 245 blood samples of equids (192 horses, 25 donkeys and 28 mules) were collected from six localities in Jilin Province from March 2018 to August 2020 and detected by PCR. The occurrence rate of T. gondii B1 gene was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to evaluate risk factors associated with the positive rates in equids. Among 245equids, T. gondii molecular occurrence was 9.0% (22/245). The highest positive rate was observed in equids from Dongfeng (16.3%) followed by Taonan (10.0%), Wangqing (8.3%), Antu (8.0%), Tonghua (8.0%) and Shulan (2.3%). Statistical analysis revealed that farming model and region may be two main risk factors. Data analysis indicated that the positive rate in captive farm (3.2%, 95% CI: 0.0-6.7%) was significantly lower than those in cage-free farm (P < 0.05), and the region of Shulan was protective factor (OR: 0.063, 95% CI: 0.007-0.559).The results of our study alert people to be aware that the present of equids T. gondii infection in this region, and contribute to a prevention and treatment program for toxoplasmosis in Jilin, China.
© 2022. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2022-07-30 PubMed ID: 35907906PubMed Central: PMC9338989DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16658-6Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research paper investigates the occurrence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infections in equids (horses, donkeys, and mules) in Jilin province, northeastern China. The findings indicate a moderate molecular occurrence of the infection, with farming practices and geographical location identified as key risk factors.

Study Design and Sample Collection

  • The study involved 245 blood samples of equids, which were collected from six different locations in Jilin Province between March 2018 and August 2020. The equid population included 192 horses, 25 donkeys, and 28 mules.
  • Presence or absence of Toxoplasma gondii B1 gene was detected and analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to further identify and confirm T. gondii infection.

Occurrence Rate and Risk Factors Analysis

  • The researchers found a T. gondii occurrence rate of 9.0% among the 245 equids tested.
  • The location with the highest infection rate was Dongfeng (16.3%), followed by Taonan (10.0%), Wangqing (8.3%), Antu (8.0%), Tonghua (8.0%) and Shulan (2.3%).
  • Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the study identified farming methods and geographical region as main risk factors associated with the positive rates in equids.

Comparison and Interpretation of Risk Factors

  • The study indicated that the infection rate in farm-raised equids (3.2%) was significantly lower compared to animals in cage-free farming systems.
  • Geographical location was also found to influence T. gondii infection rates, with the Shulan region having a low occurrence rate and emerging as a protective factor.

Implications and Recommendations

  • The findings of the study highlight the need for enhanced awareness about the occurrence of T. gondii infection among equids in Jilin, China.
  • They further provide valuable insights that can guide prevention and treatment programs for toxoplasmosis within the region.
  • Additional research could deepen understanding of how specific farming practices or environmental conditions might influence the spread of Toxoplasma gondii.

Cite This Article

APA
Liang W, Zhao S, Wang N, Tang Z, Zhao F, Liu M, Jin W, Meng Y, Jia L. (2022). Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China. Sci Rep, 12(1), 13121. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16658-6

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 13121
PII: 13121

Researcher Affiliations

Liang, Wanfeng
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Zhao, Shaowei
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Wang, Nan
  • Jilin Provincial Academic of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Changchun, 130062, China.
Tang, Zeyu
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Zhao, Fanglin
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Liu, Meng
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Jin, Weidong
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Meng, Yinbiao
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China.
Jia, Lijun
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133000, China. lijunjia1015@sohu.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Protozoan
  • China / epidemiology
  • Equidae
  • Horses
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Toxoplasma / genetics
  • Toxoplasmosis, Animal / epidemiology
  • Toxoplasmosis, Animal / parasitology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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