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Home / Equine Research Bank / Med Vet Entomol / Mosquito species associated with horses in Madagascar: a rev...
Medical and veterinary entomology2021; 36(1); 1-13; doi: 10.1111/mve.12544

Mosquito species associated with horses in Madagascar: a review of their vector status with regard to the epidemiology of West Nile fever.

Abstract: In Madagascar, the high West Nile virus (WNV) antibody prevalence reported in horse populations suggests a high level of vector-horse contact. This study aims to characterize the mosquito species usually involved in WNV transmission in horse stables in Madagascar. Five horse stables were investigated in October and November 2016 in five distinct inland areas. Mosquitoes were collected using double net traps baited with human, poultry or horse as well as light traps. Blood meal identification from engorged females was performed using host-specific PCRs. A total of 2898 adult mosquitoes were collected with Culex (Culex) antennatus (Becker) (40.7%), and Cx. (Cux.) quinquefasciatus Say (14.9%), being the most abundant species. The mosquito abundance varied between horse stables (P < 10-7 ) and depending on the bait used in the double net traps (P < 0.003). Among the 190 tested blood meals, 119 consisted of single blood meals with 85 from horse, 17 from human, 16 from chicken, one from cattle and 71 consisted of mixed blood meals. The mosquito species collected during this study exhibited a generalist feeding behaviour allowing them to act as bridge vectors between different vertebrate hosts involved in WNV transmission cycle. Their vector status with regard to West Nile fever epidemiology is reviewed.
© 2021 Royal Entomological Society.
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Publication Date: 2021-08-24 PubMed ID: 34427959DOI: 10.1111/mve.12544Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the types of mosquitoes found in horse stables in Madagascar and their potential role in West Nile virus transmission due to their varied feeding behavior.

Research Methodology

  • The study took place in five different horse stables in distinct inland areas of Madagascar in October and November of 2016.
  • Mosquitoes were collected using double net traps baited with humans, poultry, or horses, as well as using light traps.
  • Blood meal identification was conducted on engorged female mosquitoes using host-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.
  • Overall, researchers collected a total of 2,898 adult mosquitoes.

Findings

  • The most common mosquito species found were Culex (Culex) antennatus (Becker), accounting for 40.7% of the collection, and Cx. (Cux.) quinquefasciatus Say, which made up 14.9%.
  • The abundance of mosquitoes varied across the horse stables and was influenced by the chosen bait used in the double net traps.
  • Of the tested blood meals, 119 consisted of blood from one species (single blood meals), with 85 from horses, 17 from humans, 16 from chickens, and one from cattle. There were also 71 mixed blood meals.

Implications

  • The mosquitoes found exhibited a generalist feeding behavior, potentially allowing them to serve as bridges for virus transmission between different vertebrate hosts involved in the West Nile virus transmission cycle.
  • The study provides important insights into the vector status of mosquitoes with respect to the epidemiology of West Nile fever in Madagascar, suggesting that these mosquitoes can play a crucial role in spreading the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Tantely ML, Guis H, Randriananjantenaina I, Raharinirina MR, Velonirina HJ, Cardinale E, Raveloarijaona N, Cêtre-Sossah C, Garros C, Girod R. (2021). Mosquito species associated with horses in Madagascar: a review of their vector status with regard to the epidemiology of West Nile fever. Med Vet Entomol, 36(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12544

Publication

Medical and veterinary entomology
ISSN: 1365-2915
NlmUniqueID: 8708682
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 36
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-13

Researcher Affiliations

Tantely, M L
  • Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Guis, H
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
Randriananjantenaina, I
  • Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Raharinirina, M R
  • Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Velonirina, H J
  • Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Cardinale, E
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
Raveloarijaona, N
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Direction of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Department of Veterinary Medecine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Cêtre-Sossah, C
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
Garros, C
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
  • UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
Girod, R
  • Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases
  • Culex
  • Culicidae
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horses
  • Madagascar / epidemiology
  • Mosquito Vectors
  • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
  • West Nile Fever / veterinary
  • West Nile virus

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Rajaofera MJN, Liu W, Tomboanona S, Reziky AM, Kuang D, Xia Q. Public health surveillance of tropical diseases in Madagascar: a scoping review of population burden, intervention strategies, and health system responses. BMC Public Health 2025 Aug 5;25(1):2651.
    doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23802-0pubmed: 40764911google scholar: lookup
  2. Tantely ML, Guis H, Raharinirina MR, Ambinintsoa MF, Randriananjantenaina I, Velonirina HJ, Revillion C, Herbreteau V, Tran A, Girod R. Mosquito dynamics and their drivers in peri-urban Antananarivo, Madagascar: insights from a longitudinal multi-host single-site survey. Parasit Vectors 2024 Sep 10;17(1):383.
    doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06393-4pubmed: 39256778google scholar: lookup
  3. Tantely LM, Andriamandimby SF, Ambinintsoa MF, Raharinirina MR, Rafisandratantsoa JT, Ravalohery JP, Harimanana A, Ranoelison NN, Irinantenaina J, Ankasitrahana MF, Ranoaritiana DB, Randrianasolo L, Randremanana RV, Lacoste V, Dussart P, Girod R. An Entomological Investigation during a Recent Rift Valley Fever Epizootic/Epidemic Reveals New Aspects of the Vectorial Transmission of the Virus in Madagascar. Pathogens 2024 Mar 16;13(3).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens13030258pubmed: 38535601google scholar: lookup
  4. Broban A, Olive MM, Tantely ML, Dorsemans AC, Rakotomanana F, Ravalohery JP, Rogier C, Heraud JM, Andriamandimby SF. Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies Directed against Dengue, Chikungunya and West Nile Viruses and Associated Risk Factors in Madagascar, 2011 to 2013. Viruses 2023 Aug 8;15(8).
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