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Vaccines2022; 10(7); doi: 10.3390/vaccines10071124

Nanoparticle- and Microparticle-Based Vaccines against Orbiviruses of Veterinary Importance.

Abstract: Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) are widespread arboviruses that cause important economic losses in the livestock and equine industries, respectively. In addition to these, another arthropod-transmitted orbivirus known as epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) entails a major threat as there is a conducive landscape that nurtures its emergence in non-endemic countries. To date, only vaccinations with live attenuated or inactivated vaccines permit the control of these three viral diseases, although important drawbacks, e.g., low safety profile and effectiveness, and lack of DIVA (differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals) properties, constrain their usage as prophylactic measures. Moreover, a substantial number of serotypes of BTV, AHSV and EHDV have been described, with poor induction of cross-protective immune responses among serotypes. In the context of next-generation vaccine development, antigen delivery systems based on nano- or microparticles have gathered significant attention during the last few decades. A diversity of technologies, such as virus-like particles or self-assembled protein complexes, have been implemented for vaccine design against these viruses. In this work, we offer a comprehensive review of the nano- and microparticulated vaccine candidates against these three relevant orbiviruses. Additionally, we also review an innovative technology for antigen delivery based on the avian reovirus nonstructural protein muNS and we explore the prospective functionality of the nonstructural protein NS1 nanotubules as a BTV-based delivery platform.
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Publication Date: 2022-07-14 PubMed ID: 35891288PubMed Central: PMC9319458DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071124Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about the use of nanoparticle- and microparticle-based vaccines to combat Orbiviruses like Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) that affect livestock and equine industries respectively and are a significant economic burden. Detailed exploration is found on vaccine candidates and innovative technology for antigen delivery against these viruses.

Understanding Orbiviruses and their Impact

  • The study centers on orbiviruses like BTV, AHSV, and EHDV. These arboviruses are wide-spread and cause important economic damages especially in livestock and equine industries.
  • The EHDV, like BTV and AHSV, is another extensively transmitted orbivirus that is becoming a major threat in non-endemic countries where the landscape can support its spread.

Drawbacks of Current Vaccination Methods

  • Today, only live attenuated or inactivated vaccines are used to control orbivrus diseases.
  • However, these vaccines have significant limitations including a low safety profile, limited effectiveness, and lack of DIVA properties (the ability to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals).
  • These vaccines are also insufficient against a significant number of serotypes of BTV, AHSV, and EHDV for inducing a cross-protective immune response.

New Ways of Vaccine Development

  • Given the limitations of current vaccines, this study explores the potential of next-generation vaccine development.
  • Nano- or microparticle-based vaccination methods have received substantial interest and could provide a solution.
  • Diverse technologies, such as virus-like particles or self-assembled protein complexes, have been implemented for vaccine design against orbiviruses.

Nano- and Microparticle Based Vaccines

  • The researchers provide an in-depth review of the different nano- and microparticle-based vaccine candidates against the mentioned orbiviruses.
  • An innovative technology for antigen delivery based on the avian reovirus nonstructural protein muNS is also examined.
  • Furthermore, the potential use of nanotubules by the nonstructural protein NS1 as a BTV-based delivery platform is also explored in the study.

Cite This Article

APA
Jiménez-Cabello L, Utrilla-Trigo S, Barreiro-Piñeiro N, Pose-Boirazian T, Martínez-Costas J, Marín-López A, Ortego J. (2022). Nanoparticle- and Microparticle-Based Vaccines against Orbiviruses of Veterinary Importance. Vaccines (Basel), 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071124

Publication

Vaccines
ISSN: 2076-393X
NlmUniqueID: 101629355
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 7

Researcher Affiliations

Jiménez-Cabello, Luis
  • Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain.
  • Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Utrilla-Trigo, Sergio
  • Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain.
Barreiro-Piñeiro, Natalia
  • Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Pose-Boirazian, Tomás
  • Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Martínez-Costas, José
  • Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Marín-López, Alejandro
  • Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Ortego, Javier
  • Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain.

Grant Funding

  • UL1 TR001863 / NCATS NIH HHS
  • PID2020-112992RR-I00 / Ministerio de ciencia e innovación

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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