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Natural infestation of the chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) on horses and treatment with imidacloprid and phoxim.
Abstract: Infestation with the chewing louse (Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi) can be found on horses world-wide. Louse infestations, including clinical signs of louse-derived dermatitis, are known from Icelandic horses. A clinical field investigation was conducted in Iceland using horses with natural louse infestations to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid in a 10% solution in comparison with phoxim in a 0.05% solution. A total of 27 horses received a single imidacloprid treatment using 16 ml of the 10% solution along the mane and on the dorso-lateral trunk. A further 43 horses were treated twice, 14 days apart, with phoxim, using 2 x 50 ml solution applied along the mane and the dorso-lateral trunk. At the final evaluation on day 28, complete control of the lice was obtained for the imidacloprid treated horses and only a single moribund louse was found on two horses treated with phoxim.
Publication Date: 2004-09-30 PubMed ID: 15549385DOI: 10.1007/s00436-004-1227-0Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article studied the effect of two treatments, imidacloprid and phoxim, on horses that were infested by the chewing louse Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi. The results showed that both treatments were effective in controlling the lice infestation in the horses.
Introduction
- The researchers focused on the louse infestation in horses caused by species Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi, which is a universal problem for horse-keepers and a source of discomfort and potential disease for the horses themselves.
- Previous reports highlighted these infestations in Icelandic horses and their clinical signs, including louse-derived dermatitis.
Method
- A clinical field investigation was carried out in Iceland with naturally infested horses.
- The study aimed to compare the efficacies of two treatment solutions: imidacloprid in a 10% solution and phoxim in a 0.05% solution.
- A total of 27 horses received a one-time treatment with imidacloprid. It was applied using 16 ml of the 10% solution along the mane and on the dorso-lateral trunk of the horses.
- In contrast, 43 horses were treated twice, 14 days apart, with phoxim. The 50 ml solution was applied, in each instance, along the mane and the dorso-lateral trunk.
Results
- At the end of the 28-day study, the results showed both treatments were effective in controlling the infestation.
- Complete control of the lice was achieved in the horses that received the imidacloprid treatment.
- For the horses treated with phoxim, only a single moribund louse was found on two horses, indicating an extremely high rate of success.
Conclusion
- The research highlighted the effectiveness of both imidacloprid and phoxim in controlling and treating louse infestation in horses.
- It provides valuable information for the treatment of louse infestations in horses, especially in regions where Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi are prevalent.
Cite This Article
APA
Mencke N, Larsen KS, Eydal M, Sigurdsson H.
(2004).
Natural infestation of the chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) on horses and treatment with imidacloprid and phoxim.
Parasitol Res, 94(5), 367-370.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-004-1227-0 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Animal Health Division, Bayer Health Care AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany. norbert.mencke@bayerhealthcare.com
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horses
- Imidazoles / administration & dosage
- Imidazoles / therapeutic use
- Insecticides / administration & dosage
- Insecticides / therapeutic use
- Lice Infestations / drug therapy
- Lice Infestations / parasitology
- Neonicotinoids
- Nitro Compounds
- Organothiophosphorus Compounds / administration & dosage
- Organothiophosphorus Compounds / therapeutic use
- Phthiraptera / drug effects
- Treatment Outcome
References
This article includes 4 references
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- Can Vet J. 1999 Aug;40(8):590-1
- Trop Anim Health Prod. 1992 May;24(2):121-4
- Acta Vet Hung. 1995;43(2-3):287-9
Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Insyari'ati T, Hamid PH, Rahayu ET, Sugar DL, Rahma NN, Kusumarini S, Kurnianto H, Wardhana AH. Ectoparasites Infestation to Small Ruminants and Practical Attitudes among Farmers toward Acaricides Treatment in Central Region of Java, Indonesia. Vet Sci 2024 Apr 3;11(4).
- Ajith Y, Dimri U, Gopalakrishnan A, Devi G. A field study on the efficacy of ivermectin via subcutaneous route against chewing lice (Bovicola caprae) infestation in naturally infested goats. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 2019 Jan 30;86(1):e1-e5.
- Castilla-Castaño E, Vischi A, Navarro C, Lecru LA, Ribeiro C, Pradier S, Cadiergues MC. Control of lice infestation in horses using a 10 mg/mL deltamethrin topical application. Ir Vet J 2017;70:22.
- El-Bahy NM, Bazh EK, Shaheen HM. Efficacy of deltamethrin, diazinon, and ivermectin on Boophilus annulatus ticks (in vitro and in vivo study). Parasitol Res 2015 Jan;114(1):29-36.
- Tafese A, Jibat T, Aklilu N, Zewdu H, Kumsa B. Lice infesting horses in three agroecological zones in central Oromia. J Parasit Dis 2014 Dec;38(4):352-7.
- Veneziano V, Neglia G, Galietti A, Rufrano D, Bassini A, Mariani U, Gokbulut C. Efficacy of alphacypermetrin pour-on against natural Werneckiella equi infestation on donkeys (Equus asinus). Parasitol Res 2012 Sep;111(3):967-73.
- Al-Quraishy S, Abdel-Ghaffar F, Al-Rasheid KA, Mehlhorn J, Mehlhorn H. Observations on effects of a neem seed extract (MiteStop®) on biting lice (mallophages) and bloodsucking insects parasitizing horses. Parasitol Res 2012 Jan;110(1):335-9.
- Sorrell MS, Fish RE, Taylor KH. Pediculosis in two research ponies (Equus caballus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2010 Jul;49(4):487-90.
- Mencke N, Larsen KS, Eydal M, Sigurethsson H. Dermatological and parasitological evaluation of infestations with chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) on horses and treatment using imidacloprid. Parasitol Res 2005 Aug;97(1):7-12.
- Larsen KS, Eydal M, Mencke N, Sigurdsson H. Infestation of Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses, characteristics of predilection sites and lice dermatitis. Parasitol Res 2005 Aug;96(6):398-401.
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