Neuropathogenic and non-neuropathogenic variants of equine herpesvirus 1 in France.
Abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a common pathogen of the horse which may induce mild respiratory distress, abortion, neonatal death and neurological disease. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the EHV-1 DNA polymerase (ORF30 A(2254) to G(2254)) has been associated with clinical signs of Equine herpes myeloencephalopathy (EHM). The aim of this work was to analyze the ORF30 genomic region among a panel of EHV-1 DNA extract in order to estimate the prevalence of the EHV-1 neuropathogenic genotype in France. Samples coming from cases associated with EHM, horses with respiratory symptoms and aborted mares, each obtained between 2002 and 2009, were investigated. DNA was directly extracted from biological samples and allelic discrimination was performed using real-time PCR. Thirty of the 125 analysed horses (24%) presented the G(2254) genotype of ORF 30. Among them, 7/16 were provided by EHM cases, 1/24 by respiratory cases and 22/85 by abortion cases. Concerning EHM, the 7 G(2254) genotype of ORF30 were all isolated in 2009 during two outbreaks where mortality was observed. Regarding the 22 G(2254) genotype of ORF 30, 17 were identified in foetuses on which EHV-1 was detected by PCR, without any certainty of viral implication in the abortion. These findings clearly suggest that other factors need to be considered for a better understanding of the impact of DNA polymerase genotype upon EHV-1 neuropathogenic phenotype.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-04-09 PubMed ID: 20427133DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.031Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper investigates the prevalence of a certain variant of the equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), linked with neurological disease in horses, in France. The study analyzed samples from horses with different health conditions collected between 2002 and 2009.
Objective of the Study
- This research aimed to explore and estimate the prevalence of the neuropathogenic genotype of EHV-1 in France. This genotype is characterized by a single nucleotide change in the DNA polymerase gene of the virus, from A(2254) to G(2254).
Methodology and Study Sample
- The study derived its data from different biological samples – horses presenting with Equine herpes myeloencephalopathy (EHM), respiratory symptoms, and aborted mares.
- These samples were collected across a span of seven years, from 2002 to 2009.
- Researchers extracted DNA directly from the biological samples.
- The samples were then examined through the method of real-time PCR to perform allelic discrimination, thereby identifying the specific genotype of EHV-1.
Key Findings
- Out of 125 horses analyzed, 30 (24%) exhibited the G(2254) genotype of ORF 30 associated with EHV-1 neuropathogenic phenotype.
- Upon further categorization, 7 of these 30 horses were from cases of EHM, 1 from a respiratory case, and 22 from abortion cases.
- All 7 occurrences of the G(2254) genotype belonging to EHM cases were discovered in 2009 during two virus outbreak episodes where horse deaths were reported.
- Among the 22 samples from the abortion cases, 17 were found in fetuses where EHV-1 was detected through PCR. It should be noted that there isn’t certainty in concluding that the virus caused the abortions.
Conclusion
- Based on the results of the study, researchers inferred that beyond the distinct genotype of DNA polymerase, there could be other impacting factors that affect the neuropathogenic phenotype of EHV-1.
- This suggests the need for further research in order to gain a clearer understanding of the dynamics of EHV-1 pathogenesis.
Cite This Article
APA
Pronost S, Léon A, Legrand L, Fortier C, Miszczak F, Freymuth F, Fortier G.
(2010).
Neuropathogenic and non-neuropathogenic variants of equine herpesvirus 1 in France.
Vet Microbiol, 145(3-4), 329-333.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.031 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Animal Health Department, Research andDevelopment Service, Frank Duncombe Laboratory, 1 route de Rosel, Caen cedex 4, France. s.pronost@cg14.fr
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- DNA, Viral / chemistry
- DNA, Viral / genetics
- DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / chemistry
- DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / genetics
- France / epidemiology
- Genetic Variation / genetics
- Genotype
- Herpesviridae Infections / epidemiology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / classification
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / isolation & purification
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Nervous System Diseases / epidemiology
- Nervous System Diseases / veterinary
- Nervous System Diseases / virology
- Open Reading Frames / genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics
- Prevalence
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Thieulent CJ, Sutton G, Toquet MP, Fremaux S, Hue E, Fortier C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Abrioux S, Guitton E, Pronost S, Paillot R. Oral Administration of Valganciclovir Reduces Clinical Signs, Virus Shedding and Cell-Associated Viremia in Ponies Experimentally Infected with the Equid Herpesvirus-1 C(2254) Variant.. Pathogens 2022 May 4;11(5).
- Tong P, Duan R, Palidan N, Deng H, Duan L, Ren M, Song X, Jia C, Tian S, Yang E, Kuang L, Xie J. Outbreak of neuropathogenic equid herpesvirus 1 causing abortions in Yili horses of Zhaosu, North Xinjiang, China.. BMC Vet Res 2022 Mar 1;18(1):83.
- Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Roberts HC, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Calvo AV, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Carvelli A, Paillot R, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Baldinelli F, Van der Stede Y. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): infection with Equine Herpesvirus-1.. EFSA J 2022 Jan;20(1):e07036.
- Sutton G, Thieulent C, Fortier C, Hue ES, Marcillaud-Pitel C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Guitton E, Paillot R, Pronost S. Identification of a New Equid Herpesvirus 1 DNA Polymerase (ORF30) Genotype with the Isolation of a C(2254)/H(752) Strain in French Horses Showing no Major Impact on the Strain Behaviour.. Viruses 2020 Oct 13;12(10).
- Akter R, Legione A, Sansom FM, El-Hage CM, Hartley CA, Gilkerson JR, Devlin JM. Detection of Coxiella burnetii and equine herpesvirus 1, but not Leptospira spp. or Toxoplasma gondii, in cases of equine abortion in Australia - a 25 year retrospective study.. PLoS One 2020;15(5):e0233100.
- Lecollinet S, Pronost S, Coulpier M, Beck C, Gonzalez G, Leblond A, Tritz P. Viral Equine Encephalitis, a Growing Threat to the Horse Population in Europe?. Viruses 2019 Dec 24;12(1).
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- Preziuso S, Sgorbini M, Marmorini P, Cuteri V. Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 from Italian Horses: Evaluation of the Variability of the ORF30, ORF33, ORF34 and ORF68 Genes.. Viruses 2019 Sep 13;11(9).
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- Garvey M, Lyons R, Hector RD, Walsh C, Arkins S, Cullinane A. Molecular Characterisation of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Isolates from Cases of Abortion, Respiratory and Neurological Disease in Ireland between 1990 and 2017.. Pathogens 2019 Jan 15;8(1).
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- Stasiak K, Rola J, Ploszay G, Socha W, Zmudzinski JF. Detection of the neuropathogenic variant of equine herpesvirus 1 associated with abortions in mares in Poland.. BMC Vet Res 2015 May 1;11:102.
- Marenzoni ML, Bietta A, Lepri E, Casagrande Proietti P, Cordioli P, Canelli E, Stefanetti V, Coletti M, Timoney PJ, Passamonti F. Role of equine herpesviruses as co-infecting agents in cases of abortion, placental disease and neonatal foal mortality.. Vet Res Commun 2013 Dec;37(4):311-7.
- Walter J, Seeh C, Fey K, Bleul U, Osterrieder N. Clinical observations and management of a severe equine herpesvirus type 1 outbreak with abortion and encephalomyelitis.. Acta Vet Scand 2013 Mar 5;55(1):19.
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