Novel optical imaging technique to determine the 3-D orientation of collagen fibers in cartilage: variable-incidence angle polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.
Abstract: To investigate a novel optical method to determine the three dimensional (3-D) structure of articular cartilage collagen non-destructively. Methods: Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography was used to determine the apparent optical birefringence of articular cartilage for a number of different illumination directions. A quantitative method based on the theory of light propagation in uniaxial crystalline materials was validated on equine flexor tendon. Qualitative maps of fiber polar and azimuthal orientation at sites on the posterior and anterior segments of the equine third metacarpophalangeal (fetlock) joint were produced, and the azimuthal orientations compared with data from a split-line experiment. Results: Polar and azimuthal angles of cut flexor tendon broadly agreed with the nominal values but suggested that the accuracy was limited by our method of determining the apparent birefringence. On intact equine fetlock joints we found a non-zero polar tilt that changed in direction at various points along the apex, moving from the sagittal ridge outwards. The azimuthal orientation changes from being parallel to the sagittal ridge in the posterior region to being inclined to the ridge in the anterior region. This broadly agrees with split-line data for the anterior region but differs in the posterior region, possibly reflecting depth-dependent orientation changes. Conclusions: General quantitative agreement was found between our method and histology in validation experiments. Qualitative results for cartilage suggest a complicated 3-D structure that warrants further study. There is potential to develop this approach into a tool that can provide depth-resolved information on collagen orientation in near real-time, non-destructively and in vivo.
Publication Date: 2008-07-14 PubMed ID: 18621555DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.05.005Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Validation Study
Summary
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The research article presents a new optical method to non-destructively identify the three-dimensional structure of the collagen in articular cartilage, using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and light propagation theory, with testing performed on equine fetlock joints and tendons.
Research Methods
- The researchers used a specialized imaging technology known as polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. This technique is based on the principles of optical birefringence, i.e., the propensity of anisotropic materials (like collagen in cartilage) to change the polarization state of light depending on the viewing direction.
- The quantitative method used in this study was based on the theory of light propagation in uniaxial crystalline materials, which treats cartilage as though it has a single, dominant, fiber orientation.
- To validate the developed method, the researchers tested it on the equine flexor tendon, and then produced qualitative maps of fiber polar and azimuthal orientation at different locations on equine fetlock (a joint in a horse’s leg) joints.
- The results from the novel optical method were also compared with traditional split-line experimental data.
Research Results
- The mapping of the flexor tendon’s polar and azimuthal angles was primarily consistent with the nominal values. However, the accuracy of the measurements was potentially limited by the method of determining apparent birefringence.
- On intact equine fetlock joints, the researchers found a non-zero polar tilt that varied at different points along the apex. The azimuthal orientation also changed from being parallel to the sagittal ridge in the posterior region to being inclined to the ridge in the anterior region.
- The findings were concurrent with the split-line data for the anterior region, but there were variations in the posterior region, implying potential depth-dependent orientation changes.
Conclusions
- The researchers discovered that their method qualitatively agreed with histology results in its validation experiments.
- The cartilage’s 3-D structure appears complex and requires further study for complete understanding.
- There is potential in this optical technique to develop into a tool providing depth-resolved information about collagen orientation non-destructively, in near real-time, and in vivo, which could be immensely useful in the medical and veterinary fields.
Cite This Article
APA
Ugryumova N, Jacobs J, Bonesi M, Matcher SJ.
(2008).
Novel optical imaging technique to determine the 3-D orientation of collagen fibers in cartilage: variable-incidence angle polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 17(1), 33-42.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2008.05.005 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / chemistry
- Cartilage, Articular / ultrastructure
- Collagen / analysis
- Horses
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional / methods
- Microscopy, Polarization
- Models, Biological
- Tendons / chemistry
- Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods
Grant Funding
- 16445 / Arthritis Research UK
Citations
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