Occlusion of the external carotid and maxillary arteries in the horse to prevent hemorrhage from guttural pouch mycosis.
Abstract: Balloon-tipped catheters were used to occlude the external carotid artery and its branches in nine horses with hemorrhage caused by guttural pouch mycosis. The internal carotid artery on the affected side was occluded simultaneously in four horses and had been occluded previously in two others. In three horses, a single balloon-tipped catheter was inserted in the external carotid artery beneath the floor of the guttural pouch and its tip was advanced blindly into distal branches. In one horse, the superficial temporal artery was occluded briefly during surgery by a balloon-tipped catheter so a catheter inserted into the external carotid artery could be diverted into the maxillary artery. In the other five horses, the external carotid artery was occluded proximally and the maxillary artery was occluded immediately caudal to the alar canal by a balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the major palatine artery. Serious postoperative hemorrhage did not occur in eight horses, but one horse that had a single balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the external carotid artery had profuse hemorrhage 11 days after surgery and was euthanatized. One horse was euthanatized because of persistent dysphagia. The only complication related to use of balloon catheters was a mild incisional infection in one horse. It was concluded that the external carotid and maxillary arteries must be occluded on both sides of the eroded segment to prevent hemorrhage from normograde and retrograde flow.
Publication Date: 1989-01-01 PubMed ID: 2929137DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1989.tb01041.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research explores the use of balloon-tipped catheters to block the external carotid artery and its branches in horses bleeding due to guttural pouch mycosis. The results suggest that both the external carotid and maxillary arteries must be blocked on either side of the eroded section to stop bleeding from blood flow in both directions.
Research Methodology
- The study was performed using nine horses that were bleeding due to guttural pouch mycosis.
- The researchers used balloon-tipped catheters to occlude (block) the external carotid artery and its branches. The internal carotid artery was simultaneously blocked on the affected side in four of these horses, and had already been blocked in two others.
- In three horses, a single balloon-topped catheter was inserted in the external carotid artery beneath the guttural pouch floor, with the tip blindly advanced into distal branches.
- In one horse, the superficial temporal artery was briefly blocked during surgery by a balloon catheter to redirect another catheter inserted into the external carotid artery into the maxillary artery.
- In the final five horses, the external carotid artery was blocked closer to the main body (proximally) and the maxillary artery was blocked right behind the alar canal (caudal) using a balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the major palatine artery.
Results
- Of the nine horses, eight didn’t experience any severe postoperative bleeding.
- One horse, which had a single balloon-tipped catheter placed into the external carotid artery, did show heavy bleeding 11 days after surgery and had to be put down (euthanatized).
- Another horse was also euthanatized due to persistent dysphagia, a condition that causes difficulty in swallowing.
- The only observed complication directly related to the use of balloon catheters was a mild infection at the incision site in one horse.
Conclusion
- The study concluded that to prevent bleeding from both normograde (usual direction) and retrograde (reverse direction) flow, it was necessary to block both the external carotid and maxillary arteries on both sides of the eroded segment.
Cite This Article
APA
Freeman DE, Ross MW, Donawick WJ, Hamir AN.
(1989).
Occlusion of the external carotid and maxillary arteries in the horse to prevent hemorrhage from guttural pouch mycosis.
Vet Surg, 18(1), 39-47.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.1989.tb01041.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square 19348.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carotid Artery, External
- Catheterization / veterinary
- Female
- Hemorrhage / etiology
- Hemorrhage / prevention & control
- Hemorrhage / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Male
- Maxillary Artery
- Mycoses / complications
- Mycoses / therapy
- Mycoses / veterinary
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