Orbital reconstruction in the dog, cat, and horse.

This research paper discusses the strategy employed in reconstructing the orbit in cats, dogs, and horses after a partial orbitectomy operation using easily available materials. The technique had a high success rate, ensuring proper eye functions, despite extensive orbitectomy.

Methods

The research relied on a horse, a cat, and four dogs for an adaptable way of reconstructing the orbit following a partial orbitectomy. This surgical procedure involves removing a portion of the eye’s bony socket due to pathological conditions affecting the soft tissues and bones.

• The researchers first used cerclage wires to reinstate the orbital rim and other notable facial contours involved in the surgical excisions.
• Next, these wires were coated with prolene mesh, first inside the eye socket and subsequently outward over the extraorbital sections that were affected.
• Then, a collagen sheet was positioned over the mesh for protection.
• Lastly, the subcutis (layer of tissue under the skin) and skin were closed over this construct.

Results

The results of employing the described method were largely successful as all eyes that underwent the operation remained functional. Other important features were also preserved including:

• Normal position and mobility
• Eyelid function
• Tear production
• Nasolacrimal (tear duct system) function

On the downside, there were mild and temporary side effects. Animals requiring a lateral-posterior surgical approach experienced concavity, a sunken appearance, to the side of the head posterior to the orbital ligament region. Out of three, one instance of bone tumor recurred.

Conclusion

Overall, this study deemed the presented reconstruction method as an effective and adaptable technique to perform orbital reconstruction after partial orbitectomy. The technique produced excellent results on three levels: tectonic (structural integrity), cosmetic (overall appearance), and functional, even after extensive orbitectomy. By specially applying the three reconstruction steps using readily available materials, large defects can be surgically repaired. The researchers concluded that once surgeons are proficient in the orbitectomy procedure, the reconstruction does not require additional specialized techniques or equipment.