Osseous lesions in the metacarpo(tarso)phalangeal joint diagnosed using low-field magnetic resonance imaging in standing horses.

This research article explores the use of low-field standing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing bone conditions in the joints of standing horses that are not visible using standard x-ray techniques.

Research Methodology

In this research, scientists employed low-field standing MRI to examine the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) or metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in thirteen horses. The goal was to identify bone lesions, which had not been discernable through standard x-ray imaging.

• The horses under study displayed an abnormal thickening of the subchondral bone plate and irregular signal intensity in the adjacent spongiosa. These complications were evident in either the condyles of metacarpal/metatarsal III or the proximal phalanx, or in some cases, both.
• The abnormalities presented with a diffuse reduction in signal intensity adjacent to the subchondral bone and within the spongiosa on T1-weighted images. The changes were similar in at least two imaging planes.
• In situations where there were no increments in signal intensity in fat-suppressed images, this judgment was determined to be an indication of bone sclerosis (hardening).

Findings and Conclusions

• Out of the thirteen horses, nine also showed a diffuse lowered signal intensity on T2*-weighted imaging in the same areas.
• Five horses recorded a diffuse signal intensity hike in fat-suppressed images, concurrent with a decrease in signal intensity on T1- and T2*-weighted images. This increase in signal intensity in fat-suppressed images was interpreted as accumulation of fluid.
• Five horses displayed a specific region of change in signal intensity within the subchondral bone, marked by apparent loss of definition between the subchondral bone and the articular cartilage.
• Of the eleven horses presented for follow up, eight had recovered and were healthy, while three remained lame.

The research concludes that lameness (difficulty in moving) arising from the MCP or MTP joint may be associated with bone damage in horses of any signalment, even when standard x-ray images do not show any abnormalities. Hence, low-field standing MRI can provide more precise diagnosis of underlying bone diseases or conditions in the joints of standing horses.