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PAF increases phagocytic capacity and superoxide anion production in equine alveolar macrophages and blood neutrophils.
Abstract: Phagocytosis exerted by alveolar macrophages and neutrophils is crucial in the clearance of exogenous particles deposited in the airways. Therefore, substances that activate these phagocytes in the airways can exert important effects on the particle clearance rate. PAF, particularly, was proved to be a potent activator of several immune cells and was shown to be present in the equine lower airways in specific conditions, such as after exercise. The present study aimed to investigate if PAF is able to increase the phagocytic capacity and the production of superoxide anion in equine alveolar macrophage and blood neutrophils. The results show that PAF increased these parameters in both phagocytes even in concentrations as low as 0.1 and 1.0 nM. On that ground, the present work suggests that PAF is involved in the process of particle clearance in equine lower airways.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2011-08-05 PubMed ID: 21820686DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.07.008Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates the role of a substance called PAF in increasing the ability of certain immune cells to engulf particles and produce a molecule that fights infection in horses’ lungs.
Introduction to PAF and Phagocytes
- Phagocytes are immune cells that have the ability to engulf, or ‘eat’, harmful particles such as bacteria or dead cells. This process is known as phagocytosis.
- Alveolar macrophages and neutrophils are two types of phagocytes found in the airways of the lungs, playing a crucial role in keeping them clear of exogenous particles, i.e., particles that originate outside the body.
- PAF, or Platelet Activating Factor, is a potent substance known to activate various immune cells.
- In specific conditions, like after exercise, PAF has been detected in the lower airways of horses.
The Role of PAF in Enhancing Phagocytosis and Superoxide Anion Production
- The primary focus of this study was to determine if PAF could enhance the phagocytic capacity and the production of superoxide anion in equine alveolar macrophage and blood neutrophils.
- Superoxide anion is an oxygen molecule with an extra electron that gives it potent antimicrobial properties, which helps in fighting off infections.
- Increasing the ability of phagocytes to produce superoxide anion can potentially boost the ability of these cells to kill bacteria and other pathogens.
Key Findings of the Research
- Research findings indicate that PAF indeed increased the phagocytic capacity and the production of superoxide anion in both types of phagocytes.
- This was observed even when PAF concentrations were as low as 0.1 and 1.0 nM.
Implications and Conclusion
- This research implies that PAF plays a significant role in equine lower airway clearance. It enhances the capacity of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils to clear out particles and combat infections.
- Further studies might explore potential applications of this discovery in treating respiratory diseases in horses or maybe even in other species.
Cite This Article
APA
Muehlmann LA, Michelotto PV, Nunes EA, Grando FC, da Silva FT, Nishiyama A.
(2011).
PAF increases phagocytic capacity and superoxide anion production in equine alveolar macrophages and blood neutrophils.
Res Vet Sci, 93(1), 393-397.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.07.008 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Instituto de Biologia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil. luismuehlmann@yahoo.de
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
- Horses
- Macrophages, Alveolar / chemistry
- Macrophages, Alveolar / drug effects
- Macrophages, Alveolar / metabolism
- Macrophages, Alveolar / physiology
- Neutrophils / chemistry
- Neutrophils / drug effects
- Neutrophils / metabolism
- Neutrophils / physiology
- Phagocytosis / drug effects
- Platelet Activating Factor / pharmacology
- Superoxides / analysis
- Superoxides / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Prado JP, Castro AE, Carvalho J, Pereira D, Faccioli LH, Sorgi C, Novaes R, Silva S, Galdino G. Investigation of the involvement of platelet-activating factor in the control of hypertension by aerobic training. A randomized controlled trial. Biol Sport 2024 Mar;41(2):163-174.
- Detopoulou P, Demopoulos CA, Antonopoulou S. Micronutrients, Phytochemicals and Mediterranean Diet: A Potential Protective Role against COVID-19 through Modulation of PAF Actions and Metabolism. Nutrients 2021 Jan 30;13(2).
- Riaz MS, Kaur A, Shwayat SN, Behboudi S, Kishore U, Pathan AA. Dissecting the Mechanism of Intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis Growth Inhibition by Platelet Activating Factor C-16. Front Microbiol 2020;11:1046.
- Wang BX, Mei H, Peng HM, Gao Y, Ding Y. [Association between platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene polymorphisms and gastrointestinal bleeding in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2017 Apr;19(4):385-388.
- Sahu RP, Rezania S, Ocana JA, DaSilva-Arnold SC, Bradish JR, Richey JD, Warren SJ, Rashid B, Travers JB, Konger RL. Topical application of a platelet activating factor receptor agonist suppresses phorbol ester-induced acute and chronic inflammation and has cancer chemopreventive activity in mouse skin. PLoS One 2014;9(11):e111608.
- Yagnik D. Macrophage derived platelet activating factor implicated in the resolution phase of gouty inflammation. Int J Inflam 2014;2014:526496.
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