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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Microbiol / Papillomavirus associated diseases of the horse.
Veterinary microbiology2013; 167(1-2); 159-167; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.003

Papillomavirus associated diseases of the horse.

Abstract: The Papillomaviridae family comprises a large number of viruses that can infect a broad range of hosts including mammals, birds and reptiles giving rise to benign lesions of the skin or mucosal membranes. They are characterized by great genetic diversity yet adhere to common biological principles. In this review, we first describe the structure and function of the viral proteins encoded by papillomaviruses (PVs), with a particular emphasis on bovine papillomaviruses (BPV). We then discuss the role of BPV types 1 and 2 in the pathogenesis of equine sarcoids and present recent evidence implicating a novel equine papillomavirus (EcPV-2) in the pathogenesis of equine genital cancers.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2013-08-18 PubMed ID: 24016387DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.003Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on the impact of Papillomaviridae, a family of viruses, specifically Papillomaviruses (PVs) and Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), on the health of horses, including roles in equine sarcoids and genital cancers.

Viral Structure and Function

  • The article begins with a description of Papillomaviridae, noting that it is a large family of viruses capable of infecting a wide range of hosts, from mammals to birds and reptiles.
  • These viruses typically result in benign skin or mucosal membrane lesions and are characterised by substantial genetic diversity while adhering to common biological principles.
  • Particular emphasis is placed on the structure and function of the viral proteins encoded by Papillomaviruses (PVs), including Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV). These proteins are crucial to the virus’s ability to infect a host and cause disease.

Role in Equine Diseases

  • Following this comprehensive description of the viral family, the article delves into the specific roles of BPV types 1 and 2 in the pathogenesis of equine sarcoids. Equine sarcoids are a common type of skin tumour in horses, often associated with BPV infection. This segment examines the mechanisms by which these specific types of BPV contribute to the development of such tumours.
  • The study presents recent evidence suggesting the involvement of a new type of equine papillomavirus, known as EcPV-2, in the pathogenesis of equine genital cancers. Such cancers are significant health concerns in the horse population. The possibility that this novel virus plays a role in these cancers underscores the importance of ongoing research into the Papillomaviridae family.

Implications and Future Directions

  • By elucidating the roles of BPV and EcPV-2 in equine diseases, the study contributes to a better understanding of equine health and disease mechanisms. This knowledge may be essential in diagnosing, preventing, and treating these conditions.
  • The study also raises intriguing prospects for future research. The discovery of EcPV-2’s possible role in equine genital cancers paves the way for further investigations into this virus and its impacts on equine health. The finding also highlights the need to continually scout for new and previously unrecognized viruses within the Papillomaviridae family that can potentially affect animal and human health.

Cite This Article

APA
Nasir L, Brandt S. (2013). Papillomavirus associated diseases of the horse. Vet Microbiol, 167(1-2), 159-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.003

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 167
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 159-167
PII: S0378-1135(13)00402-1

Researcher Affiliations

Nasir, Lubna
  • MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Garscube Estate, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: lubna.nasir@gla.ac.uk.
Brandt, Sabine

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Horse Diseases / virology
    • Horses
    • Papillomaviridae / genetics
    • Papillomaviridae / physiology
    • Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
    • Papillomavirus Infections / virology
    • Skin / virology
    • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
    • Venereal Tumors, Veterinary / virology
    • Viral Proteins / genetics
    • Viral Proteins / metabolism

    Citations

    This article has been cited 17 times.
    1. Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Brandt S. Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids-From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023 Mar 30;11(4).
      doi: 10.3390/vaccines11040769pubmed: 37112681google scholar: lookup
    2. Hainisch EK, Jindra C, Kirnbauer R, Brandt S. Papillomavirus-like Particles in Equine Medicine. Viruses 2023 Jan 25;15(2).
      doi: 10.3390/v15020345pubmed: 36851559google scholar: lookup
    3. Hainisch EK, Jindra C, Reicher P, Miglinci L, Brodesser DM, Brandt S. Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 or 2 Virion-Infected Primary Fibroblasts Constitute a Near-Natural Equine Sarcoid Model. Viruses 2022 Nov 28;14(12).
      doi: 10.3390/v14122658pubmed: 36560661google scholar: lookup
    4. Daraban Bocaneti F, Altamura G, Corteggio A, Tanase OI, Dascalu MA, Pasca SA, Hritcu O, Mares M, Borzacchiello G. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2/-7/-9/-14 and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs)-1/-2 in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas associated with BPV-2 infection. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:1063580.
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    5. Martano M, Altamura G, Power K, Liguori P, Restucci B, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Beclin 1, LC3 and P62 Expression in Equine Sarcoids. Animals (Basel) 2021 Dec 23;12(1).
      doi: 10.3390/ani12010020pubmed: 35011126google scholar: lookup
    6. Munday JS, Orbell G, Fairley RA, Hardcastle M, Vaatstra B. Evidence from a Series of 104 Equine Sarcoids Suggests That Most Sarcoids in New Zealand Are Caused by Bovine Papillomavirus Type 2, although Both BPV1 and BPV2 DNA Are Detectable in around 10% of Sarcoids. Animals (Basel) 2021 Oct 29;11(11).
      doi: 10.3390/ani11113093pubmed: 34827825google scholar: lookup
    7. Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Rümmele A, Wolschek M, Muster T, Brandt S. Influenza virus vector iNS1 expressing bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1) antigens efficiently induces tumour regression in equine sarcoid patients. PLoS One 2021;16(11):e0260155.
      doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260155pubmed: 34797850google scholar: lookup
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      doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.758720pubmed: 34796228google scholar: lookup
    9. Munday JS, Gedye K, Daudt C, Chaves Da Silva F. The Development of Novel Primer Sets to Specifically Amplify Each of the Five Different Deltapapillomaviruses That Cause Neoplasia after Cross-Species Infection. Vet Sci 2021 Sep 26;8(10).
      doi: 10.3390/vetsci8100208pubmed: 34679038google scholar: lookup
    10. Martano M, Altamura G, Power K, Restucci B, Carella F, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Evaluation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) in Equine Sarcoid: An Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study. Pathogens 2020 Jan 14;9(1).
      doi: 10.3390/pathogens9010058pubmed: 31947661google scholar: lookup
    11. Li CX, Chang WS, Mitsakos K, Rodger J, Holmes EC, Hudson BJ. Identification of a Novel Equine Papillomavirus in Semen from a Thoroughbred Stallion with a Penile Lesion. Viruses 2019 Aug 4;11(8).
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    12. Hibi H, Hatama S, Obata A, Shibahara T, Kadota K. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and papilloma associated with Equus caballus papillomavirus 2 in a horse. J Vet Med Sci 2019 Jul 19;81(7):1029-1033.
      doi: 10.1292/jvms.18-0461pubmed: 31167980google scholar: lookup
    13. Martano M, Power K, Restucci B, Pagano I, Altamura G, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in equine sarcoid. BMC Vet Res 2018 Sep 3;14(1):266.
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    14. Rojas-Anaya E, Cantú-Covarrubias A, Álvarez JF, Loza-Rubio E. Detection and phylogenetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus in cutaneous warts in cattle in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Can J Vet Res 2016 Oct;80(4):262-268.
      pubmed: 27733780
    15. Sabattini S, Savini F, Gallina L, Scagliarini A, Bassi P, Bettini G. p16 Immunostaining of Canine Squamous Cell Carcinomas Is Not Associated with Papillomaviral DNA. PLoS One 2016;11(7):e0159687.
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    16. Martano M, Corteggio A, Restucci B, De Biase ME, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study. BMC Vet Res 2016 Feb 2;12:24.
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    17. Trewby H, Ayele G, Borzacchiello G, Brandt S, Campo MS, Del Fava C, Marais J, Leonardi L, Vanselow B, Biek R, Nasir L. Analysis of the long control region of bovine papillomavirus type 1 associated with sarcoids in equine hosts indicates multiple cross-species transmission events and phylogeographical structure. J Gen Virol 2014 Dec;95(Pt 12):2748-2756.
      doi: 10.1099/vir.0.066589-0pubmed: 25185436google scholar: lookup
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