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Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi2021; 45(1); 56-75; doi: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2020.7193

Parasites of Horses, Donkeys and Mules in Turkey.

Abstract: Significant numbers of parasites such as protozoa, helminths and arthropods infest equids. Various investigations have been conducted in Turkey to detect these parasites. In this review, all parasites reported in horses, donkeys and mules have been listed. A total of 62, 52 and 21 helminths were recorded in horses, donkeys and mules, respectively. As protozoan parasites, 13 species were detected both in horses and donkeys, and 3 in mules. With regard to arthropods, 40, 23 and 6 species were detected in horses, donkeys and mules, respectively. In the recent years, various molecular diagnostic methods have been developed and especially applied to the protozoan research area. Classical diagnostic methods were incapable of detecting certain protozoan parasites. Such protozoan parasites can be detected at the nucleic acid level with these new techniques. During the last quadranscentennial, a reduction has been recorded in the total number of equids in Turkey, whereby the breeding of sport horses is becoming an important issue. Thus, this review summarises the published research papers in Turkey in order to raise awareness among the animal owners and veterinarians in terms of the prevention of potential hazards resulting from parasitic infections/infestations in equids. Tek tırnaklı hayvanlarda protozoon, helmint ve artropod kökenli çok sayıda parazit bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’de bu parazitleri saptamaya yönelik çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu derlemede, Türkiye’de tek tırnaklılar sınıfındaki at, eşek ve katırlarda bugüne kadar bildirilmiş parazitler bir arada sunulmuştur. Bildirilen toplam helmint sayısı atlarda 62, eşeklerde 52 ve katırlarda ise 21’dir. Protozon olarak atlarda 13, eşeklerde 13 ve katırlarda 3; artropodlar olarak ise atlarda 40, eşeklerde 23 ve katırlarda 6 tür parazit bulunmuştur. Son yıllarda moleküler tanı yöntemlerinin gelişmesi ve çeşitlenmesi ile, ülkemizde tek tırnaklılarda yürütülen özellikle protozoolojik çalışmalarda da bu yöntemler uygulanmıştır. Klasik tanı yöntemleri ile teşhisleri zor olan veya mümkün olmayan bazı protozoonların bu yöntemle nükleik asit düzeyinde teşhisleri yapılabilmiştir. Türkiye’de tek tırnaklı hayvan sayıları özellikle son çeyrek yüzyılda sürekli azalma eğiliminde olup, buna karşılık sportif atçılık ve yetiştiriciliği ise önem kazanmaya ve artmaya devam etmektedir. Bu derlemede, ülkemizdeki tek tırnaklı popülasyonun sağlığının korunmasında; paraziter enfeksiyonların/enfestasyonların potansiyel zararlarını önlemek/azaltmak için başta hayvan sahipleri ve veteriner hekimlerin bilgilendirilmesi ve bilinçlendirilmesine yönelik geçmişten bugüne kadar yapılmış akademik çalışmalar özetlenmiştir.
Publication Date: 2021-03-10 PubMed ID: 33685070DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2020.7193Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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This piece of research presents a detailed review of various parasites infecting horses, donkeys, and mules in Turkey. It aims at informing animal owners and veterinarians about possible parasite-related hazards and their prevention measures.

Overview of the Research Article

This article presents an all-inclusive review of research papers detailing the infestation of different parasites (protozoa, helminths, and arthropods) within equids — horses, donkeys, and mules. It also discusses the diagnostic methods that have been employed, particularly focussing on newly developed molecular diagnostic methods applied in protozoan research.

  • The research found a total of 62, 52, and 21 species of helminths infecting horses, donkeys, and mules, respectively.
  • They discovered 13 species of protozoan parasites in both horses and donkeys and 3 in mules.
  • Regarding arthropods, 40, 23, and 6 species were found infecting horses, donkeys, and mules, respectively.

Utilization of Molecular Diagnostic Methods

The research elaborates on how in the past few years, multiple molecular diagnostic methods have been developed. These are particularly designed for and applied in the area of protozoan research.

  • The classical diagnostic methods were insufficient to detect certain forms of protozoan parasites.
  • The advanced molecular diagnostic techniques can identify the nucleic acid level of these parasites, thereby providing conclusive results.

Changes in the Number of Equids

The paper mentions a decrease in the number of equids in Turkey throughout the last 25 years. However, the breeding of sport horses is gradually becoming a notable sector.

Raising Awareness and Future Prevention

The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on parasitic invasions within equids in Turkey, informing animal owners and veterinarians. The research focuses on preserving the health of the equid population while minimizing potential harm from parasitic infestations. The article encapsulates numerous academic studies conducted across the years and aims to spread knowledge and awareness towards a preventive approach.

Cite This Article

APA
Yılgör Çırak V, Girişgin AO. (2021). Parasites of Horses, Donkeys and Mules in Turkey. Turkiye Parazitol Derg, 45(1), 56-75. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpd.galenos.2020.7193

Publication

ISSN: 2146-3077
NlmUniqueID: 9425544
Country: Turkey
Language: English
Volume: 45
Issue: 1
Pages: 56-75

Researcher Affiliations

Yılgör Çırak, Veli
  • Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Bursa, Türkiye
Girişgin, Ahmet Onur
  • Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Bursa, Türkiye

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Equidae
  • Horses
  • Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / veterinary
  • Parasites / classification
  • Parasites / genetics
  • Parasites / isolation & purification
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / diagnosis
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / epidemiology
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / parasitology
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / prevention & control
  • Turkey / epidemiology

Citations

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