Pedigree tracing to determine the origins of the modern Palomino Horse Breeders of America stock-type horse.
Abstract: Registration numbers for the Palomino Horse Breeders of America (PHBA) have risen with the assistance of new registration guidelines. These changes in guidelines allowed for registration of any horse with a palomino body color, including those with unknown pedigrees. While this promoted registry growth, documenting the breed's orgins from those known pedigrees making up the breed's foundation is important with the introduction of unknown pedigrees. This can be accomplished using pedigree tracing, which is of particular value for color registries as the study of coat color patterns is plagued with misunderstandings due to pedigrees with inaccurate color designations. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop an understanding of the historical origins of the modern PHBA stock-type horse through pedigree tracing. Horses (n = 460) were randomly sampled from published entries from 10 years (2012-2022) of the PHBA World Show Championship Horse Show. The All-Breed Database was utilized to obtain documentation of extended pedigrees that included uninterrupted generation-to-generation inheritance patterns of a cream dilution allele-influenced coat color. Pedigrees were traced back to the earliest recorded relative. We observed six foundation sires contributed to the modern PHBA stock-type horse with the majority (58%) tracing back to a sire named Old Fred. Two identified sires, Yellow Jacket (4%) and Cotton Eyed Joe (3%), have conflicts concerning color designation. While these results assist in documenting the breed's origins, genetic testing is required to accurately identify the cream dilution allele within the horses registered to ensure a phenotype-based solely on the cream dilution allele.
Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Publication Date: 2024-10-09 PubMed ID: 39384119DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105209Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research examines the historical origins of the modern Palomino Horse Breeders of America (PHBA) stock-type horse using pedigree tracing techniques.
Objective of The Study
- The primary aim of this study was to develop an understanding of the historical origins of the modern PHBA stock-type horse using pedigree tracing techniques. This approach was seen as valuable for color breed registries since the field of coat color patterns often faces misunderstandings due to inaccurately designated colors in pedigrees.
- The researchers attempted to identify the oldest known ancestors of the PHBA stock-type horse and trace the lineage up to the present generations. The study also attempted to analyze the degree of influence of these early ancestors on the current PHBA stock-type horse.
Methodology of the Study
- The researchers randomly selected 460 horses from entries published over a 10-year period (2012-2022) from the PHBA World Show Championship Horse Show.
- They utilized the All-Breed Database to obtain documentation of extended pedigrees that demonstrated uninterrupted patterns of inheritance for a coat color influenced by a cream dilution allele.
- Each horse’s lineage was traced back to its earliest recorded relative.
Findings of the Study
- The researchers found that six foundational sires contributed to the make-up of the modern PHBA stock-type horse.
- The majority of the horses (58%) traced their lineage back to a sire named Old Fred. Two other identified sires, Yellow Jacket (4%) and Cotton Eyed Joe (3%), were found to have conflicts concerning their color designation.
Significance and Way Forward
- This study aids in documenting the breed’s origins, which is important in the context of new registration guidelines that allow for the registration of any horse with a palomino color, even those with unknown pedigrees.
- However, the study acknowledges that genetic testing is necessary to accurately identify the cream dilution allele within registered horses. This would ensure a phenotype solely based on the cream dilution allele rather than relying on historical pedigree tracing alone.
Cite This Article
APA
Pepper B, North E, Foster M, Culwell J, Nicodemus MC, Cavinder C, Harvey K, Williams T.
(2024).
Pedigree tracing to determine the origins of the modern Palomino Horse Breeders of America stock-type horse.
J Equine Vet Sci, 143, 105209.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105209 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Box 9815, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States.
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 764 Lakeland Dr, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6161, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States.
- School of Creative & Liberal Arts, East Central Community College, Hwy 15 South, Decatur, MS 39327, United States.
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Box 9815, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States. Electronic address: mnicodemus@ads.msstate.edu.
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Box 9815, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States.
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Box 9815, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States.
- Department of Biology & Natural Resource Management, Unity Environmental University, 70 Farm View Drive, New Gloucester, ME 04260, United States.
Conflict of Interest Statement
Declaration of competing interest None of the authors has any financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
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