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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Perineal analgesia and hemodynamic effects of the epidural a...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2004; 45(1); 42-47;

Perineal analgesia and hemodynamic effects of the epidural administration of meperidine or hyperbaric bupivacaine in conscious horses.

Abstract: Epidural administration of bupivacaine and meperidine produces analgesia in several animal species and in humans. A prospective randomized study was conducted in 18 healthy horses to compare the effect of these 2 drugs administered by the epidural route. Animals were divided into 3 treatment groups of 6 animals each. All drugs were injected by the epidural route in all animals between the 1st and 2nd coccygeal vertebrae. Treatment 1 (BUP)--0.06 mg/kg of body weight of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine; treatment 2 (MEP)--0.6 mg/kg of body weight of 5% meperidine; treatment 3 (SS)--0.9% saline solution (control group). Heart rate, arterial pressure, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, analgesia, sedation, and motor-blocking were determined before drug administration (baseline values); at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after drug administration, and then at 30-minute intervals thereafter. Both hyperbaric bupivacaine and meperidine administered epidurally produced complete bilateral perineal analgesia in all horses. The onset of analgesia was 6, s = 2.6 minutes after injection of bupivacaine, as opposed to 9, s = 2 minutes after meperidine. The duration of analgesia was 240, s = 57 minutes for meperidine and 320, s = 30 minutes for bupivacaine. Heart and respiratory rates, arterial pressure, and rectal temperature did not change (P < 0.05) significantly from basal values after the epidural administration of bupivacaine, meperidine, or saline solution. To conclude, both bupivacaine and meperidine induced long-lasting perineal analgesia, with minimal cardiovascular effects. Analgesia was induced faster and lasted longer with bupivacaine. L’administration épidurale de bupivacaïne et de mépéridine provoque une analgésie chez plusieurs espèces animales ainsi que chez l’homme. Une étude prospective randomisée a été menée chez 18 chevaux en santé afin de comparer l’effet de ces 2 drogues administrées par voie épidurale. Les animaux ont été séparés en 3 groupes expérimentaux de 6 individus. Les drogues ont toutes été injectées par voie épidurale entre la première et la deuxième vertèbre coccygienne. Le traitement 1 (BUP) — 0,06 mg/Kg de poids corporel de bupivacaïne hyperbare 0,05 %; le traitement 2 (MEP) — 0,6 mg/Kg de poids corporel de mépéridine à 5%; le traitement 3 (SS) — 0,9 % de solution saline (groupe témoin). La fréquence cardiaque, la pression artérielle, la fréquence respiratoire, la température rectale, l’analgésie, la sédation et l’inhibition motrice ont été mesurées avant injection (valeurs de base); puis à 5, 10, 15 et 30 minutes après, puis aux 30 minutes par la suite. La bupivacaïne hyperbare et la mépéridine administrées par voie épidurale ont toutes deux produit une analgésie périnéale bilatérale complète chez tous les chevaux. Le début de l’analgésie est survenu 6, = 2,6 minutes après injection de bupivacaïne et 9, = 2 minutes après injection de mépéridine. La durée de l’analgésie a été de 240, = 57 minutes pour la mépéridine et de 320, = 30 minutes pour la bupivacaïne. Les fréquences cardiaques et respiratoires, la pression artérielle et la température rectale n’ont pas varié significativement ( < 0,05) par rapport aux valeurs de base après injection épidurale de bupivacaïne, de mépéridine ou de solution saline. En conclusion, la bupivacaïne et la mépéridine produisent toutes deux une analgésie périnéale de longue durée avec un minimum d’effets cardiovasculaires. L’induction de l’analgésie a été plus rapide et l’effet plus long avec la bupivacaïne.
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Publication Date: 2004-03-03 PubMed ID: 14992253PubMed Central: PMC539226
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research compares the effectiveness and effects of two analgesic drugs, bupivacaine and meperidine, in producing perineal analgesia in horses when administered epidurally. It found that bupivacaine induces analgesia faster and lasts longer than meperidine with minimal cardiovascular effects.

Methods

  • The researchers conducted a prospective randomized study with 18 healthy horses. The horses were divided into three groups and each group received a different treatment.
  • Treatment 1 was the administration of 0.06 mg/kg body weight of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Treatment 2 was the administration of 0.6 mg/kg body weight of 5% meperidine. Treatment 3 was the administration of a 0.9% saline solution (as a control group).
  • All treatments were administered epidurally, between the first and second coccygeal vertebrae.

Measurements

  • Several parameters were monitored before and after drug administration. These include heart rate, arterial pressure, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, level of analgesia, sedation, and motor-blocking.
  • Readings were taken at baseline (before the drug administration), then at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after drug administration, and subsequently at 30-minute intervals.

Findings

  • Both hyperbaric bupivacaine and meperidine produced complete bilateral perineal analgesia in all the horses.
  • The onset of analgesia was 6 minutes, standard deviation (s) = 2.6 minutes after injection of bupivacaine and 9 minutes, s = 2 minutes after meperidine.
  • The duration of analgesia was 240 minutes, s = 57 minutes for meperidine and 320 minutes, s = 30 minutes for bupivacaine.
  • None of the measured parameters (heart and respiratory rates, arterial pressure, and rectal temperature) changed significantly from basal values after the epidural administration of either bupivacaine, meperidine, or the saline solution.

Conclusion

  • The study concluded that both bupivacaine and meperidine induce long-lasting perineal analgesia in horses with minimal cardiovascular effects.
  • Bupivacaine was found to be more effective because it induced analgesia quicker and its effects lasted longer compared to meperidine.

Cite This Article

APA
DeRossi R, Sampaio BF, Varela JV, Junqueira AL. (2004). Perineal analgesia and hemodynamic effects of the epidural administration of meperidine or hyperbaric bupivacaine in conscious horses. Can Vet J, 45(1), 42-47.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 45
Issue: 1
Pages: 42-47

Researcher Affiliations

DeRossi, Rafael
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine--Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Caixa Postal 549, Campo Grande, CEP 79070-900, Brazil. derossi@nin.ufms.br
Sampaio, Breno F B
    Varela, Juliana V
      Junqueira, Alexandre L

        MeSH Terms

        • Analgesia, Epidural / methods
        • Analgesia, Epidural / veterinary
        • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
        • Analgesics, Opioid / pharmacology
        • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
        • Anesthetics, Local / pharmacology
        • Animals
        • Blood Pressure / drug effects
        • Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
        • Bupivacaine / pharmacology
        • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
        • Heart Rate / drug effects
        • Horses / physiology
        • Injections, Epidural / veterinary
        • Kinetics
        • Meperidine / administration & dosage
        • Meperidine / pharmacology
        • Pain Measurement / veterinary
        • Random Allocation
        • Respiration / drug effects

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 2 times.
        1. Hamamoto-Hardman BD, Steffey EP, McKemie DS, Kass PH, Knych HK. Meperidine pharmacokinetics and effects on physiologic parameters and thermal threshold following intravenous administration of three doses to horses.. BMC Vet Res 2020 Oct 1;16(1):368.
          doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02564-4pubmed: 32998730google scholar: lookup
        2. Ismail ZB. Epidural analgesia in cattle, buffalo, and camels.. Vet World 2016 Dec;9(12):1450-1455.
          doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1450-1455pubmed: 28096620google scholar: lookup
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