Persistent hypoglycemia associated with lipid storage myopathy in a paint foal.
Abstract: A 12-hours-old Paint filly was examined because of weakness and dull mentation after birth. Despite IV administered dextrose, the foal remained persistently hypoglycemic with increase in serum activity of muscle and liver enzymes. A postmortem diagnosis of lipid myopathy most similar to multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) was confirmed by findings of myofiber lipid accumulation, elevated urine organic acids, and serum free acylcarnitines with respect to control foals. This report details a case of equine neonatal lipid storage myopathy with many biochemical characteristics of MADD. Lipid storage myopathies should be included as a differential diagnosis in foals with persistent weakness and hypoglycemia.
Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Publication Date: 2018-06-29 PubMed ID: 29957835PubMed Central: PMC6060329DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15218Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Case Reports
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research paper reports a case of a newborn Paint horse that suffered from persistent hypoglycemia and weakness due to lipid storage myopathy, a condition somewhat similar to multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) in humans.
Background of Study
- The study began with the observation of a 12-hour old Paint filly that appeared weak and demonstrated dull mentation, or reduced mental activity, after birth.
- A veterinary examination was carried out because of the foal’s unresponsiveness to intravenous (IV) glucose, and its persistent state of hypoglycemia.
Research Findings
- The researchers confirmed the foal’s consistent weakness and hypoglycemia, and also recorded an increase in the activity of certain muscle and liver enzymes in the blood.
- Postmortem diagnosis of the filly pointed to a condition known as lipid myopathy, which showed closely related characteristics to a human disorder called multiple-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD).
- Confirmation of lipid storage myopathy was based on significant findings: myofiber lipid accumulation in muscle tissues, elevated levels of organic acids in urine, and higher-than-normal levels of free acylcarnitines in blood serum when compared to control foals.
Conclusion and Recommendations
- The research provides important insights into a manifestation of lipid storage myopathy in equine neonates, with the biochemical characteristics resembling those of MADD in humans.
- The researchers suggested that lipidstorage myopathies be considered as a potential diagnosis in new-born foals, showing persistent weakness and hypoglycemia.
Cite This Article
APA
Pinn TL, Divers TJ, Southard T, De Bernardis NP, Wakshlag JJ, Valberg S.
(2018).
Persistent hypoglycemia associated with lipid storage myopathy in a paint foal.
J Vet Intern Med, 32(4), 1442-1446.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15218 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York.
- Veterinary Practice, Boyds, Maryland.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carnitine / analogs & derivatives
- Carnitine / blood
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Hypoglycemia / diagnosis
- Hypoglycemia / pathology
- Hypoglycemia / veterinary
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / diagnosis
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / pathology
- Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / veterinary
- Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency / diagnosis
- Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency / pathology
- Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency / veterinary
- Muscular Dystrophies / diagnosis
- Muscular Dystrophies / pathology
References
This article includes 21 references
- Brewer BD, Koterba AM. Development of a scoring system for the early diagnosis of equine neonatal sepsis.. Equine Vet J 1988 Jan;20(1):18-22.
- Ward TL, Valberg SJ, Lear TL, Guérin G, Milenkovic D, Swinburne JE, Binns MM, Raudsepp T, Skow L, Chowdhary BP, Mickelson JR. Genetic mapping of GBE1 and its association with glycogen storage disease IV in American Quarter horses.. Cytogenet Genome Res 2003;102(1-4):201-6.
- Sponseller BT, Valberg SJ, Schultz NE, Bedford H, Wong DM, Kersh K, Shelton GD. Equine multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) associated with seasonal pasture myopathy in the midwestern United States.. J Vet Intern Med 2012 Jul-Aug;26(4):1012-8.
- Duran M, Bruinvis L, Ketting D, Dorland L. Diagnosis of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects.. Padiatr Padol 1993;28(1):19-25.
- Liang WC, Nishino I. Lipid storage myopathy.. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2011 Feb;11(1):97-103.
- Finno CJ, Valberg SJ, Wünschmann A, Murphy MJ. Seasonal pasture myopathy in horses in the midwestern United States: 14 cases (1998-2005).. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006 Oct 1;229(7):1134-41.
- Laforêt P, Vianey-Saban C. Disorders of muscle lipid metabolism: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.. Neuromuscul Disord 2010 Nov;20(11):693-700.
- Valberg SJ, Ward TL, Rush B, Kinde H, Hiraragi H, Nahey D, Fyfe J, Mickelson JR. Glycogen branching enzyme deficiency in quarter horse foals.. J Vet Intern Med 2001 Nov-Dec;15(6):572-80.
- Das AM, Steuerwald U, Illsinger S. Inborn errors of energy metabolism associated with myopathies.. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010;2010:340849.
- Olsen RK, Andresen BS, Christensen E, Bross P, Skovby F, Gregersen N. Clear relationship between ETF/ETFDH genotype and phenotype in patients with multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency.. Hum Mutat 2003 Jul;22(1):12-23.
- Westermann CM, Dorland L, Votion DM, de Sain-van der Velden MG, Wijnberg ID, Wanders RJ, Spliet WG, Testerink N, Berger R, Ruiter JP, van der Kolk JH. Acquired multiple Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in 10 horses with atypical myopathy.. Neuromuscul Disord 2008 May;18(5):355-64.
- Unger L, Nicholson A, Jewitt EM, Gerber V, Hegeman A, Sweetman L, Valberg S. Hypoglycin A concentrations in seeds of Acer pseudoplatanus trees growing on atypical myopathy-affected and control pastures.. J Vet Intern Med 2014 Jul-Aug;28(4):1289-93.
- Votion DM, van Galen G, Sweetman L, Boemer F, de Tullio P, Dopagne C, Lefère L, Mouithys-Mickalad A, Patarin F, Rouxhet S, van Loon G, Serteyn D, Sponseller BT, Valberg SJ. Identification of methylenecyclopropyl acetic acid in serum of European horses with atypical myopathy.. Equine Vet J 2014 Mar;46(2):146-9.
- Valberg SJ, Sponseller BT, Hegeman AD, Earing J, Bender JB, Martinson KL, Patterson SE, Sweetman L. Seasonal pasture myopathy/atypical myopathy in North America associated with ingestion of hypoglycin A within seeds of the box elder tree.. Equine Vet J 2013 Jul;45(4):419-26.
- van Galen G, Cerri S, Porter S, Saegerman C, Lefere L, Roscher K, Marr C, Amory H, Votion DM. Traditional and quantitative assessment of acid-base and shock variables in horses with atypical myopathy.. J Vet Intern Med 2013 Jan-Feb;27(1):186-93.
- Votion DM, Linden A, Delguste C, Amory H, Thiry E, Engels P, van Galen G, Navet R, Sluse F, Serteyn D, Saegerman C. Atypical myopathy in grazing horses: a first exploratory data analysis.. Vet J 2009 Apr;180(1):77-87.
- Abdenur JE, Chamoles NA, Schenone AB, Jorge L, Guinle A, Bernard C, Levandovskiy V, Fusta M, Lavorgna S. Multiple acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD): use of acylcarnitines and fatty acids to monitor the response to dietary treatment.. Pediatr Res 2001 Jul;50(1):61-6.
- Cornelius N, Frerman FE, Corydon TJ, Palmfeldt J, Bross P, Gregersen N, Olsen RK. Molecular mechanisms of riboflavin responsiveness in patients with ETF-QO variations and multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency.. Hum Mol Genet 2012 Aug 1;21(15):3435-48.
- Chiong MA, Sim KG, Carpenter K, Rhead W, Ho G, Olsen RK, Christodoulou J. Transient multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency in a newborn female caused by maternal riboflavin deficiency.. Mol Genet Metab 2007 Sep-Oct;92(1-2):109-14.
- al-Essa MA, Rashed MS, Bakheet SM, Patay ZJ, Ozand PT. Glutaric aciduria type II: observations in seven patients with neonatal- and late-onset disease.. J Perinatol 2000 Mar;20(2):120-8.
- Grünert SC. Clinical and genetical heterogeneity of late-onset multiple acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency.. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014 Jul 22;9:117.
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Han J, Song X, Lu S, Ji G, Xie Y, Wu H. Adolescent Hyperuricemia with Lipid Storage Myopathy: A Clinical Study. Med Sci Monit 2019 Nov 30;25:9103-9111.
- Hansen S, Hopster-Iversen C, Berg L, Fjeldborg J, Massey C, Piercy RJ, Carstensen H. Chronic idiopathic myopathy in Icelandic horses: A case series. Equine Vet J 2025 Sep;57(5):1341-1346.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
