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Archives of virology1987; 95(1-2); 67-77; doi: 10.1007/BF01311335

Phagocytosis of horse erythrocytes treated with equine infectious anemia virus by cultivated horse leukocytes.

Abstract: Horse erythrocytes treated with equine infectious anemia virus hemagglutinin were phagocytized by cultivated horse leukocytes (mainly macrophage-like cells and partly polymorphonuclear cells) after incubation with fresh horse serum but not with inactivated horse serum. The phagocytosis began as soon as the erythrocytes were added to the leukocyte cultures, and the majority of the reaction proceeded within 30 minutes. Addition of antiserum showed a slightly suppressing but no enhancing effect on the phagocytosis. Phagocytosis seemed to be caused by the recognition of the third complement component on the affected RBC with the receptors on phagocytes, but not by the recognition of immunoglobulin. Since cultivated leukocytes were able to phagocytize erythrocytes which were treated with a quantity as small as 1/16 units of hemagglutinin, and since the hemagglutinin-antibody complex also could bind to erythrocytes and induced them to become phagocytized, the reaction appears to play an important role in the mechanisms of anemia and formation of sideroleukocytes in horses infected with the equine infectious anemia virus.
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Publication Date: 1987-01-01 PubMed ID: 3036046DOI: 10.1007/BF01311335Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study investigates how horse white blood cells (leukocytes), particularly macrophages and some polymorphonuclear cells, react to and ingest (phagocytosis) horse red blood cells (erythrocytes) that have been treated with a protein (hemagglutinin) from the equine infectious anemia virus. The process is hypothesized to be influential in horses developing anemia and related complications after infection.

Study Design and Procedures

  • The researchers treated horse red blood cells, or erythrocytes, with a protein called hemagglutinin which is derived from the equine infectious anemia virus. They then observed how these treated cells were consumed through a process called phagocytosis by horse leukocytes, or white blood cells. The white blood cells consisted largely of macrophages and to a lesser extent of polymorphonuclear cells.
  • They tested this process in two different environments, one with fresh horse serum (a component of blood) and another with inactivated horse serum. The phagocytosis only happened in the context of the fresh horse serum.

Observations and Findings

  • Phagocytosis began immediately after the erythrocytes were introduced to the leukocytes in the fresh serum, with most of the activity occurring within 30 minutes.
  • The addition of an antiserum slightly reduced the rate of phagocytosis, but did not enhance it.
  • The researchers propose that phagocytosis is triggered by the third complement component (a part of the immune system) on the erythrocytes being recognized by the leukocytes, rather than by the presence of immunoglobulins.
  • The researchers also found that very small amounts of the hemagglutinin – as little as 1/16 units – was enough to trigger the phagocytosis.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The hemagglutinin-antibody complex from the virus can attach to red blood cells, making them targets for phagocytosis by white blood cells.
  • The researchers propose that this process could potentially have a significant role in creating anemia and forming sideroleukocytes, or iron-containing white blood cells, in horses infected with the equine infectious anemia virus.

Cite This Article

APA
Sentsui H, Kono Y. (1987). Phagocytosis of horse erythrocytes treated with equine infectious anemia virus by cultivated horse leukocytes. Arch Virol, 95(1-2), 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01311335

Publication

Archives of virology
ISSN: 0304-8608
NlmUniqueID: 7506870
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 95
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 67-77

Researcher Affiliations

Sentsui, H
    Kono, Y

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Cells, Cultured
      • Complement System Proteins / immunology
      • Erythrocytes / immunology
      • Erythrocytes / microbiology
      • Hemagglutinins, Viral / analysis
      • Horses
      • Humans
      • Immune Sera / immunology
      • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
      • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / pathogenicity
      • Leukocytes / immunology
      • Phagocytosis

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      This article includes 22 references
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      Citations

      This article has been cited 5 times.
      1. Hu Z, Guo K, Du C, Sun J, Naletoski I, Chu X, Lin Y, Wang X, Barrandeguy M, Samuel M, Wang W, Lau PI, Wernery U, Raghavan R, Wang X. Development and evaluation of a blocking ELISA for serological diagnosis of equine infectious anemia. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023 May;107(10):3305-3317.
        doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12504-5pubmed: 37039847google scholar: lookup
      2. Sellon DC. Equine infectious anemia. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1993 Aug;9(2):321-36.
        doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30399-1pubmed: 8395326google scholar: lookup
      3. Sellon DC, Fuller FJ, McGuire TC. The immunopathogenesis of equine infectious anemia virus. Virus Res 1994 May;32(2):111-38.
        doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(94)90038-8pubmed: 8067050google scholar: lookup
      4. Sentsui H, Kono Y. Complement-mediated hemolysis of horse erythrocytes treated with equine infectious anemia virus. Arch Virol 1987;95(1-2):53-66.
        doi: 10.1007/BF01311334pubmed: 3036045google scholar: lookup
      5. Clabough DL, Gebhard D, Flaherty MT, Whetter LE, Perry ST, Coggins L, Fuller FJ. Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus. J Virol 1991 Nov;65(11):6242-51.
        doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.11.6242-6251.1991pubmed: 1717720google scholar: lookup
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