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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Phenotype and function of IgE-binding monocytes in equine Cu...
PloS one2020; 15(5); e0233537; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233537

Phenotype and function of IgE-binding monocytes in equine Culicoides hypersensitivity.

Abstract: Human IgE-binding monocytes are identified as allergic disease mediators, but it is unknown whether IgE-binding monocytes promote or prevent an allergic response. We identified IgE-binding monocytes in equine peripheral blood as IgE+/MHCIIhigh/CD14low cells that bind IgE through an FcεRI αɣ variant. IgE-binding monocytes were analyzed monthly in Culicoides hypersensitive horses and nonallergic horses living together with natural exposure to Culicoides midges. The phenotype and frequency of IgE-binding monocytes remained consistent in all horses regardless of Culicoides exposure. All horses upregulated IgE-binding monocyte CD16 expression following initial Culicoides exposure. Serum total IgE concentration and monocyte surface IgE densities were positively correlated in all horses. We also demonstrated that IgE-binding monocytes produce IL-10, but not IL-4, IL-17A, or IFN-γ, following IgE crosslinking. In conclusion, we have characterized horse IgE-binding monocytes for the first time and further studies of these cells may provide important connections between regulation and cellular mechanisms of IgE-mediated diseases.
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Publication Date: 2020-05-22 PubMed ID: 32442209PubMed Central: PMC7244122DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233537Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on exploring “IgE-binding monocytes” in horses, cells in the immune system generally associated with allergic reactions. While previously studied in humans, this paper broadens the understanding of these cells in horses, specifically looking at effects during exposure to Culicoides midges, a type of insect that can trigger allergic response in horses.

Methodology and Purpose

  • The purpose of this research was to understand the role of IgE-binding monocytes in horses, how they respond to allergens (specifically Culicoides midges), and their overall function in an allergic response. The role of these cells is not entirely understood, but they have been linked with allergic diseases in humans.
  • The researchers exposed both allergic and non-allergic horses to Culicoides midges and analyzed the IgE-binding monocytes in the horses’ blood on a monthly basis. The IgE-binding monocytes in horses were identified as IgE+/MHCIIhigh/CD14low cells that bind IgE through an FcεRI αɣ variant.

Findings

  • The study found that the cells’ phenotype or characteristics and their occurrence rate remained consistent for all horses, regardless of whether or not they were exposed to the Culicoides allergen.
  • Upon initial exposure to the midges, all tested horses showed an increased expression of protein CD16 in their IgE-binding monocytes. CD16 is generally involved in immune response mechanisms.
  • The researchers noticed a positive relationship between the concentration of IgE in the blood and IgE densities on the surface of the monocytes in all the horses.
  • The study also found that these monocytes produce a protein known as IL-10, but not any of IL-4, IL-17A, or IFN-γ, upon crosslinking with IgE. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, a type of protein that can modulate the immune system response. This suggests that these monocytes might have a role in controlling allergic inflammation.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes by recognizing that while they were able to make these observations about IgE-binding monocytes in horses, further research is necessary to elucidate the precise cellular mechanisms and possible links to regulation of IgE-mediated diseases, which include a variety of allergies.

Cite This Article

APA
Larson EM, Babasyan S, Wagner B. (2020). Phenotype and function of IgE-binding monocytes in equine Culicoides hypersensitivity. PLoS One, 15(5), e0233537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233537

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Pages: e0233537
PII: e0233537

Researcher Affiliations

Larson, Elisabeth M
  • Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America.
Babasyan, Susanna
  • Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America.
Wagner, Bettina
  • Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America.

MeSH Terms

  • Allergens / immunology
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Surface / immunology
  • Ceratopogonidae / immunology
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horses
  • Hypersensitivity, Immediate / veterinary
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / veterinary
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / cytology
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / immunology
  • Receptors, IgE / immunology

Grant Funding

  • S10 RR025502 / NCRR NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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This article has been cited 7 times.
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  2. Simonin EM, Babasyan S, Tarsillo J, Wagner B. IgE+ plasmablasts predict the onset of clinical allergy.. Front Immunol 2023;14:1104609.
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  3. Gressler AE, Lübke S, Wagner B, Arnold C, Lohmann KL, Schnabel CL. Comprehensive Flow Cytometric Characterization of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells Indicates Comparable Phenotypes Between Asthmatic and Healthy Horses But Functional Lymphocyte Differences.. Front Immunol 2022;13:896255.
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